Hi. I wanted to let you know that the labeling for the “Cato Letter and Petition” document at the end of Chapter 7 is misattributed to Freedom’s Journal, the first black newspaper in the U.S. The document is from 1781, but the newspaper did not begin publishing until 1827.
The elimination of slavery in northern states like Pennsylvania was slow and hard-fought. A bill passed in 1780 began the slow process of eroding slavery in the state, but a proposal just one year later would have erased that bill and furthered the distance between slavery and freedom. The action of Black Philadelphians and others succeeded in defeating this measure. In this letter to the Black newspaper, Philadelphia Freedom’s Journal, a formerly enslaved man uses the rhetoric of the American Revolution to attack American slavery.
More than likely, this document is from The Freeman’s Journal, a different Philadelphia paper published by F. Bailey between 1781 and 1792.

Hi. I wanted to let you know that the labeling for the “Cato Letter and Petition” document in Chapter 7 is misattributed to Freedom’s Journal, the first black newspaper in the U.S. The document is from 1781, but the newspaper did not begin publishing until 1827.

The elimination of slavery in northern states like Pennsylvania was slow and hard-fought. A bill passed in 1780 began the slow process of eroding slavery in the state, but a proposal just one year later would have erased that bill and furthered the distance between slavery and freedom. The action of Black Philadelphians and others succeeded in defeating this measure. In this letter to the Black newspaper, Philadelphia Freedom’s Journal, a formerly enslaved man uses the rhetoric of the American Revolution to attack American slavery.

More than likely, this document is from The Freeman’s Journal, a different Philadelphia paper published by F. Bailey between 1781 and 1792.

Best,

Watson

the dash between 1944 and 1946 at the bottom of the paragraph is an em dash when it should be an en dash

Factors: War and competition , In the context of  history, factors related to war and competition have played significant roles in shaping events.

White men like Charles Caldwell and Samuel George Morton furthered these ideas by promoting the notion that blacks and whites were not only separate creations but different species. Although such extreme theories were not universally accepted, the belief in white supremacy persisted. Over time, however, a more nuanced understanding emerged:

Wwhite men like Charles Caldwell and Samuel George Morton furthered these ideas by promoting the notion that blacks and whites were not only separate creations but different species. Although such extreme theories were not universally accepted, the belief in white supremacy persisted. Over time, however, a more nuanced understanding emerged:

Whitening of the Black Population:

Some white Americans noticed that the black population appeared to be “whitening” over generations.
Rather than attributing this change to environmental factors, they began to recognize that interracial unions were responsible.

Henry Moss and the 1790s:

Henry Moss, an enslaved man, had inspired wonder and curiosity in the 1790s due to his remarkable abilities.
However, as the decades passed, societal attitudes shifted, making such inspiration less likely for subsequent generations.

The evolution of these ideas reflects the complexities of American history and the ongoing struggle for equality. If you have any more questions or need further insights, feel free to ask! 😊📚

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What other scientific theories influenced racial views during this period?
How did the concept of race impact laws and policies in the antebellum era?
Tell me more about Henry Moss and his abilities.

White men like Charles Caldwell and Samuel  George  Morton  furthered these ideas by promoting the notion that that blacks and whites were not only separate creations, but different species. Although such extreme theories  were not universally excepted, the belief in white supremacy persisted. Over time, however, a more nuisance understanding occurred .
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Juan Ponce de Leon arrived in the area named “La Florida” in 1513. He found between 150,000 and 300,000 Native Americans. But then two-and-a-half centuries of contact with European and African peoples–whether through war, slave raids, or, most dramatically, foreign disease–decimated Florida’s indigenous population. European explorers, meanwhile, had hoped to find great wealth in Florida, but reality never aligned with their imaginations.

The latest version of this chapter (Dec. 2023) is mislabeled with incorrect Roman numerals for sections 10–13.

Right now, the progression appears as follows: “IX. The Pandemic | X. New Horizons | IX. Conclusion | X. Primary Sources | XI. Reference Material”

Sections “IX” and “X” are repeated.

Could one of the editors fix the numerals to reflect the correct (updated) section numbers?

YOu could explain further on The Black Code

I agree