American Yawp / Feedback

UM (.)_(.)

Agreed! That was poorly and inappropriately written.

 The first Dutch and Swedish settlers who encountered the Lenapes in the seventeenth century recognized Lenape prosperity and quickly sought their friendship. Their lives came to depend on it.

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Section repeats itself in two consecutive paragraphs:  Border apprehensions and deportations reached record levels under the Obama administration, but Trump pushed even farther. He pushed for a massive wall along the border to supplement the fence built under the Bush administration. He began ordering the deportation of so-called Dreamers—students who were born elsewhere but grew up in the United States—and immigration officials separated refugee-status-seeking parents and children at the border.

The paragraph that I would like to comment on does not appear on the comment page, but it appears as the final paragraph before the “New Horizons” in the actual text.

This paragraph states that those Americans who were skeptical of the COVID vaccines were either conspiracy theorists or political radicals. This is not only a gross exaggeration, but appears biased, as Americans may have many reasons for concern over the COVID vaccines that have absolutely nothing to do with political radicalism or social-media-fueled conspiracy. This chapter has somewhat of an anti-conservative feel to it that spills over into statements like the one listed above.

is that a typo for level

You’re welcome.

Perhaps replace use of “fledging” with “fledgling?” (Unless implication is different from my understanding).

Fledgling: a person or organization that is immature, inexperienced, or underdeveloped. 

[legislative resistance by elites, economic resistance by merchants, and popular protest by common colonists.]

The claim near the end of this paragraph is misleading and should be reworded or qualified.  The passage reads as follows: “…most white Americans were content to compromise over the issue of slavery, but the constant agitation of black Americans…kept the issue alive.”

This claim is misleading for several reasons.  First, it marginalizes actors who were central in the nineteenth century anti-slavery movement.  These include such figures as William Lloyd Garrison, Elijah Lovejoy (who was murdered for the cause of abolition), Sarah and Angelina Grimke, and Harriet Beecher Stowe, among others.  Garrison’s newspaper, The Liberator, featured thousands of articles, features, cartoons, and editorials; for 35 years, it served as a critical outlet for anti-slavery agitation in America.

Second, the claim referenced above ignores the fact that thousands of whites served in and donated to such abolitionist organizations as the American Antislavery Society.

A more honest and accurate rendering could read as follows:

For nearly a century, free Black Americans (including those who had once been enslaved, such as Solomon Northup and Frederick Douglass) agitated for the abolition of slavery and worked alongside white abolitionists in forming antislavery organizations, publishing antislavery literature, and sponsoring public events.

Recommended citation for this chapter is incorrect as it reads-

Recommended Citation: Edwin C. Breeden et al., “The Cold War,” James McKay, ed., in The American Yawp, eds. Joseph Locke and Ben Wright (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2018).

Morgan — and others, including John Thornton — show that those first “20 Negars and then some” were not exactly unfree. Or if they were, they were as “unfree” as poor white indentured servants from England were.  Virginia colonists baptized those first 20 men from Africa (who were traded for food). According to English law, a person who was baptized could not be enslaved. This would change, of course.  See “The Terrible Transformation,” part of the PBS series, Africans in the Americas.

The story of Anthony Johnson is instructive. He arrived in the VA colony somewhere around 1619. He was baptized and he somehow managed to survive his term of servitude (unlike most in the first generations of the colony — the colony was a death trap). Johnson got his freedom dues and at some point he purchased “head rights” so that by 1655 he owned a modest plantation on which he grew tobacco. That  was the year that one of his servants, a black man from Africa named Cesar, sued Johnson for his freedom. Cesar lost. Significant is that the local magistrate not only heard the case between two black men, but less significant is that he ruled in Johnson’s favor.

When I teach Morgan and I pull out this primary source it doesn’t take long for my students to figure out why the magistrate ruled in Johnson’s favor: he was a landowner.

Colonists were still working out how racial inferiority and slavery was going to operate in the colony (and also neighboring colony of Maryland). You begin to see this gradually; but after Bacon’s Rebellion in 1676 planters begin to move toward racialized slavery faster and systematically for a variety reasons, not least of which was that they wanted to continue to exploit workers to produce cash crop and at the same time mitigate the possibilities for interracial uprisings against the ruling elites.

with Native Americans THAT was typical among the Spanish and English.

The supposedly “new South” grew in industrialization but remained heavily segregated giving the worst jobs to African Americans

Lynching was fine in the South if members believed that an African American made a crime they would publicly kill them

Presented the KKK as vigilantes that assist the community -> romanticized the KKK

The South grew in constructing Railroads

John D. Rockefeller was the richest man in America but also hated & mistrusted because many believed that he got his money illegally by immoral business Clergyman Washington Gladden protested to accept the 100,000 Rockefeller donated to the American Board of  Commissioner for Foreign Missions because he didn’t trust his dirty money

The board president Samuel Capen did not defend Rockefeller but he did say it was a gift and they can’t asses the origin of every donation but the debate shook Capen
The tainted Money debate that Gladden had with the board of commissioners and the rising income inequality rose concerning questioning about the morals of the new industrial United States
Religions were confused with who they would support either the or the disempowered?
Steel Magnate Andres Carnegie popularized the idea of a “Gospel of Wealth” which was the rich to donate to charity to make up for the inequality of of income between the rich & Poor.
Eventually American Churches adapted themselves to the new industrial order Even Gladden who debated against Rockefeller’s money started to accept it
Meanwhile many churches questioned the COMPATIBILITY of large fortunes with Christian Values

The economic and social changes of the late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth centuries challenged traditional norms
the increase in urbanization,immigration, and advancements in Science and technology, patterns of consumption and the new availability of goods and awareness of economic inequality brought a drive to make change traditional gender and sexual norms
Many women carried campaigns that lasted long int the past fought for equal rights
Many women became activist and targeted municipal reforms, launched campaigns and above all HIGHLIGHTED the suffrage movement

Urbanization and immigration fueled anxiety for old social mores and created tension for these old policies and so called “norms”
The unpredictability of urban spaces created opportunities for in particular female sexuality and for both male and female sexual experimentation. Along with this a spectrum of orientations and gender identities
Young women who went against social norms such as premarital sex where considered feeble minded: they lack the normal ability to make conscious decisions. Some women would even be considered clinically insane rather than them making a decision willingly
Woman fashion changed as well by loosing physical constraints like corsets and ad hemlines rose (Length of dresses)

While many women fought for equality others worked to uplift each other. Women’s work against alcohol increased the temperance into one of the prominent moral reforms of the period
Middle class typically protestant women dislike alcohol because of their feminine virtues,Christina sentiment and protective role in the family and home.
Jane Adams and settlement house workers sought to include a middle class education on immigrant and working class women through the establishment of settlement homes
Other reformers shared a “scientific motherhood”-> the science of hygiene was deployed as a method of to both uplift and moralize particularly of working class and immigrant women

Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s shorty story “The Yellow Wallpaper” challenged the social role of women and she criticized( the Victorian psychological remedies: the ways doctors practice therapy)
While women are working towards equality man are worrying about their masculinity and their role in society neurologist George Bared even coined a medical term “neurasthenia” for a new emasculated condition that was marked by depression,indigestion,hypochondria and extreme nervousness

Churches worried that women would influence the church and change the image of Jesus as a strong carpenter to a mushy and sweetly woman like man this was said by Walter Rauschenbusch
Muscular Christianity sought out to strengthen young man. churches even created gymnasiums to strengthen their boys. Young Men Christian Associations who coined the term bodybuilding and other invented the sports of basketball and volleyball. These organization were built to strengthen young man.
I think it’s to increase there’s ego or “Masculinity”

Muscular Christianity was about even more than building strong bodies and minds
Age men were encouraged to embrace a particular vision of masculinity connected with rising tides of nationalism,militarism and imperialism
During the Spanish American War in 1898 Teddy Roosevelt and his Rough riders idealized the image of a tall,strong, vile, and fit American
Roosevelt and others believed this image of masculinity would preserve the American Race’s superiority against foreign foes and the effeminizing effects of civilization

Luna Park one of the original amusement parks on Brooklyn’s famous Coney Island Attracted Amusement Hungry Americans

Between 1880 ans 1920 Vaudevillla featured comedians,musicians,actors,juggler and other talents that could captivate an audience
Vaudeville was considered a family friendly entertainment even though the made racist jokes on African American and immigrants
The renowned Palace theatre in New York City signaled true stardom for many performers Charlie Chaplin and Magician Harry Houdini made names for themselves on the Vaudeville circuit

Edison pioneered two technologies the Phonograph and motion pictures. It revolutionized the world. it became a device for music and other factors
Edison thought it was going to be used for dictation,recording audio letter,preserving speeches and dying words of great men, producing talking clocks, or teaching elocution
By the turn of the century American were purchasing phonographs for home use
Phonograph parlors were places where people could pay a nickle to heard a piece or music

Edison decided in 1888 to develop an instrument which does for the eye what the phonograph does for the ear
The inventions are called a kinetograph and a viewer a kinetoscope. Many entertainers purchased this device all over the world. It drew many from arcades to movie theaters.
Most of the content that was displayed was boxing,baseball, and even Indian dances. The content only last for a couple of minuets

Designers of the 1893 Columbian Exposition in Chicago built the White City in a neoclassical
This type of style for the buildings, walkways, and landscapes brought more than 27 million people to Chicago helping to establish the ideology of American exceptionalism
After enduring four bloody years of warfare and a strained, decade long effect to reconstruct the defeated South, the United States abandoned itself to industrial development. Businesses expanded in scale and scope.
during this time the US started to change socially. Industrialization took over. The South Jim Crow Laws decreased the US started to change and create more opportunities

The gilded Age was a time in the United States where the economy and industrialization boomed
As the economy grew so did tensions between politics and the people

The progressive Era:
Women fought for their right to vote
Black Americans fought for Equality
Labors demanded a higher wage and work spaces

What Are Mobilizing For Reforms?
First Paragraph: Triangle Shirtwaist Factory in manhattan Caught fire because manager held the keys to prevent unauthorized breaks. building caught on FIRE Side ladder of the building broke down. Women went to the roof and Jumped off for freedom or died on in the building.

The photograph demonstrates policeman placing the corpses in the coffin. This incident called for a lot of attention

A year after the Triangle Shirtwaist. factory in Manhattan caught on fire workers had gone on strike demanding:
Higher wages, and better Safety Conditions
One of the girls who worked in the factory said that every week one of the girls would be dead
Business became more sacred than the lives of humans
Owners of the Triangle factory were charged with manslaughter and two hours later where freed
Inequality grew and living conditions worsened it became difficult to make a change

The Triangle shirtwaist fire moved many Americans to Reform
Reform: Make a change
Everyone: journalist , religious  leaders, politicians ETC

Reformers used book and magazines to spread the corruption of business men
coined term for corrupt businessman are Muckrakers Theodore Roosevelt

Jacobs Riis was a journalist who documented the Urban Poverty with videos and Photographs
Jacob Riis published How the other half Lives
Sinclair was another journalist who wrote the Jungle
The jungle was supposed to be a way to support socialist Movement by exposing the brutal labor in the meatpacking industry
Slaughterhouses where growing so quick for consumers the work place became unsanitary & Unsafe work conditions

Edward Bellamy’s 1888 Looking Backward was a national sensation
This novel was about a man who falls asleep in 18887 and wakes up in 2000
The man is confused because the world has altered: Disease and poverty grew, Industries grew as well to build a Utopia of social harmony and economic prosperity
Bellamy’s vision of a reformed society persuaded readers (Youth Readers) to reform on the STREETS

Charles Sheldon a congregational minister in Topeka Kansas Published IN HIS STEPS: WHAT WOULD JESUS DO?
His book was a best seller but moved multiple people because it addressed that if we worked as how Jesus would everything from economic, social , and Political issues would be reduced ti a MINIMAL
This turned into a movement called the SOCIAL GOSPEL

The growth of industrialization brought environmental problems Reformers began to create environmental protections

Women Clubs flourished in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries
Women suffrage groups where segregated at the time as well

Addams and Kelly worked together to push towards a better way of living for the communities
Such as 8 hour shifts for women and children, They also pushed legislator to pass other bills concerning the people

The description of the native civilization prior to the arrival of Europeans is very romanticized. It reads as if everything was blissfully amazing and that the arrival of European migrants has brought apocalyptic destruction. Are there supporting and tangible facts or artifacts that speak clearly about that period? Are there facts that do not involve ‘logical deductions’ and can speak for themselves? Can they be integrated into the text with references?

@DylanBarnes I totally agree with your comment. Especially considering Native American culture which based its history on stories that were passed on by generations rather than written documents.

The separation of Panama from Colombia took place in 1903, not 1901.

. . . had a competent but lackadaisical managerial style that allowed Roosevelt a great deal of freedom, which he used to network with such luminaries . . .

Eliminating the repeated use of “Roosevelt” hear makes the sentence smoother and easier to read.

I agree with what every one said.  Why did Mr. Onate feel he had to have all of the women and children slaughtered and the young men’s cutoff.

In yhe dictionary the word enslaved means;  made a slave; held in slavery or bondage:

Enslaved people were seen not as people at all but as commodities to be bought, sold, and exploited.   SO, I agree with what Mr. Muse said.

…

I totally agree with you..

I agree with you but i think it was a lot harder for single women to travel out west by themselves not just because they were single but also because many of them didn’t know what to expect.

They originally came from Utah and Colorado.

[Spain benefited most immediately as the wealth of the Aztec and Incan Empires strengthened the Spanish monarchy. ]

Seems as if

it didnt even work…smh

The last sentence repeats the House of Burgese’s Slave codes and I find the last sentence redundant.

“Former one-term Georgia governor Jimmy Carter…”. This is true, but it implies that Carter lost his run for a second term. He was term-limited so he couldn’t run. I would strike the reference to one term.

You see, the thing about wars….

“with almost fifteen million pounds of it *in* stored in warehouses” typo in this sentence. First “in” does not belong

The sentence, “On January 24, 1848, James W. Marshall…” would make more sense if it were placed after the first (1st) sentence of the previous paragraph.

“If the great draw of the West served as manifest destiny’s kindling, then the discovery of gold in California was the spark that set the fire ablaze. On On January 24, 1848, James W. Marshall, a contractor hired by John Sutter, discovered gold on Sutter’s sawmill land in the Sacramento Valley area of the California Territory. Most western settlers sought land ownership, but the lure of getting rich quick . . .”

I agree, but nobody ever said it was right (in the book). This is a history textbook. History is ugly, we just have to learn from our mistakes from the past.

DEEZ MUTZ

What does having a wealthy background have anything to do with pushing for antitrust legislation and regulations. Even more unrelated is the fact that he couldn’t rely on courts to break up trusts. This sentence doesn’t tie back to itself, instead stating unconnected facts.

I would have appreciated an explanation of what it means to “cast your bucket down”. It means to make the most of whatever situation you are put in. Basically, he didn’t think that leaving the south and going to the north was any more sensible in trying to achieve economic independence than simply staying in the south.

Women opposing suffrage should be elaborated on as well in a paragraph in this section to create a more holistic history.

I love American Yawp but this chapter is a little disappointing.  The Introduction and Conclusion suggest a leap directly from WWI to 1929 and WWII.  I think that it should reference the US emerging as a world power as a creditor nation and the immediate post-war prosperity of the US..  The chapter should mention resistance to US entry and the draft by Eugene Debs and others.  What new countries emerged in Eastern Europe?  What were final casualty figures in Europe (not just France)?

Thank you for all your work.

[bridged more than ten thousand years of geographic separation]

This implies that there was communication and altercations before ten thousand years when in reality Europeans have not made contact with Native Americans in history until this point. So “more than ten thousand years” should in reality be a lot more

Agriculture was able to set the foundation of society. This allowed people to diversify themselves and put their abilities to their best use possible. This not only set the foundation for this time period but, for more to come. Today we see the youth trying to follow their parents’ footsteps and, this began behavior was set years ago, according to the text since people pursued their own activities that intrigued them. Allowing farmers to produce food also let society use their minds differently and independently.

It is unreal how the Puebloans’ knew how to celebrate life and start a religious ceremony that would be carried down from generation to generation. with the resources given to them at the time, they knew how to convert those resources into an environment that is sustainable. It felt like for anyone during this time period they would be living in caves or huts not in complexes. The Puebloan people knew how to come together and they understood that together, they could accomplish goals for having a better community.

Native Americans had a right to their land and in keeping it. The Europeans had no place in trying to colonize it for their own. However, during this time of expansion they were eager to control more land throughout the world. Why was world domination so important during these times when there could have been peace?

Why didn’t the Spanish try to keep their discoveries to themselves to gain advantage over their competition?

if the youngs kept dying why didn’t the french try to come up with solutions and try separating themselves from giving one another diseases?

The French were able to come to terms with this new society, why couldn’t the competition do the same instead of murdering communities?

if the dutch bought into democracy, could they have gone further in their financial organizations?

Why would you call the first African American president a lame duck? In my opinion that’s very racist and prejudice to compare him to a weak creature, because he is not. If he became President that means every act he did before the he was President was phenomenal, because he was destined to be an African American.

It should be Selina, not Celia, in the paragraph.

Sistema de Castas

[There, three crops in particular—corn, beans, and squash, known as the Three Sisters]

I see two others have already made note of this error, but as it has yet to be removed, I feel that it is necessary to point it out once more.

“or the even the Welsh”

“or the even the Welsh”

“or the even the Welsh”

“or the even the Welsh”? “or the even the Welsh”??? Shouldn’t this be, “or even the Welsh?” Or perhaps just omit the “even” entirely.

Vitiligo?

As the other person has stated, the word should be “scarring,” not “scaring.”

This quote is wrong. It’s “Once let the black man get upon his person the brass letter U.S.”, not “Once let a black man get upon his person the brass letters U.S.”

Stephen personally I would not take that …..

-Agriculture:

**decline in health

**produced more foods

**pusured other skills

**people were able to do other things rather then just make food

Important

I completely agree! The name somewhat threw me off but I understand what they were trying to do, This was how the world became a “New World”. i think..

I think, Snyder, Christine. Slavery in Indian Country: The Changing Face of Captivity in Early America.  Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2010. would be a great addition to this section! 

This paragraph should highlight the relationship between the Women’s Rights Movement and the Abolitionist Movement. When Elizabeth Cady Stanton pushed for women’s right to vote, she was supported by notable abolitionist, Fredrick Douglass. He believed liberty had no extent and both African Americans and women deserved the right to legal freedom. When African Americans called for an end to their enslavement and for basic human rights, suffragette Lucretia Mott spoke out and wrote “I have no idea of submitting Tamely to injustice inflicted either on me or on the slave. I will oppose it with all the moral powers with which I am endowed.” Even though a majority of people on either side that didn’t support the other, there were multiple people who showed their support for both the Women’s Rights Movement and the Abolitionist Movement.

Opening with January 6th is one of the most ignorant things you could’ve done. You are fundamentally implying that Jan. 6th was to the same capacity as 9/11, ridiculous on this textbook’s part. Making DJT, one of the best presidents we’ve ever had, look bad when he did nothing to incite the storming of the Capitol makes you look uncredible; he actually condemned the storming. Maybe you could add the riots that the radical left organized after a criminal black man overdosed on fentanyl. Not one time was “riot” mentioned when speaking about the BLM so-called “protests.” This textbook should be ashamed of itself; maybe you should stick with facts and not opinions, especially when you claim to look at many perspectives.

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Thank you for your feedback. Any specific stylistic suggestions would be welcomed.

Thank you for the suggestion. We’ve updated the text to reflect America’s withdrawal from Afghanistan.

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Thanks, Phil! We have tempered the concluding language here.

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Uses of “Indian” to refer to Indigenous peoples or Native Americans have been replaced with Native American or Indigenous peoples in the updated text of the chapter. The use of “Indian” remains in the titles of books, government bodies, and Indigenous organizations. Please provide further feedback on the updated text to note any missed instances or any terminology not in line with contemporary practice. Thank you.

Updated in text during summer 2021. Thank you for your feedback!

Uses of “Indian” to refer to Indigenous peoples or Native Americans have been replaced with Native American or Indigenous peoples in the updated text of the chapter. The use of “Indian” remains in the titles of books, government bodies, and Indigenous organizations. Please provide further feedback on the updated text to note any missed instances or any terminology not in line with contemporary practice. Thank you.

Thank you for your feedback. This should have been corrected in the updated text in the summer of 2021. Please flag any additional discrepancies you notice in the posted text on Americanyawp.com.

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Thank you. A paragraph was added on this, but much more can (or, needs to) be said. We would welcome submissions or suggestions for a fuller paragraph than the one posted now in the main text.

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Thank you. We’ve inserted a clarifying statement to, hopefully, reduce any such reductionism. But we will need to explore this in much greater nuance and detail. Suggestions and possible submissions welcome!

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Great suggestion. We added Joanne Robinson’s work into the text.

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Typo in caption: “as as”

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I think there should be more in-depth visuals about the true horrors of slavery. We need to talk more about how both enslaved men and women were raped or how Enslavers would eat black people because it was a “delicacy.” I think we need to stop whitewashing and downplaying the horrific acts that we Americans committed. The American School system needs to tell the whole truth.

Should it be: “Wilson’s opponents successfully blocked America’s entry into the League of Nations” not Lodge’s opponents but Wilson’s?

Can you guys talk more about the link between the freedom riders, the incident in 1961 and how this movement led segregation to an end in public spaces in 1964.

explaining the massive fire in Anniston.

the brutal beating by 200 or so white mobs.

in 1961

There is a distinct link between the three years other than “further assaults against Jim Crow”.

Explain the motivation from the Freedom Riders as a racial mixing on example to end all segregation by traveling on buses.

Why was the south in ruins ?

Im thinking what could have happen for a person to think omg its so unbelievable what happen and I have no idea what happen in their own place that they live

“barely good roads”

WHAT HAPPENED???

It would be great if you could highlight the text and underline it, as if it were a real textbook. Having a toolbar that allows you to take notes like you do in a physical book would be utterly helpful.

Just a comment on font size for this chapter. The font sizes are all over the place. Would be easier to read with standardized font sizes. Thank you.

Agreed.

The second sentence in this paragraph doesn’t read correctly.

This appears to be the first reference to the Gilded Age, and the term shows up a lot. How about defining it?

I know talking about “liberalism” is alway going to be imperfect, but the phrase “economic liberalism” here is especially apt to be misconstrued. Instructors like myself take the time to peel back common (and historical) misuses of the term liberalism, and usages like this have the potential to undo some of that work.

The following sentence is incorrect: “Susan B. Anthony was one of them and was arrested but then acquitted in trial.”

Could the author please reconsider the characterization of a “first Cold War” and a “second Cold War”? That’s going to confuse my students, and I’m not sure the evidence supports that interpretation of detente.

I second Stephen Harper’s comment. I don’t feel comfortable assigning this to my students as it appears now.

The end of the paragraph should be fact-checked. Wasn’t it a South Vietnamese napalm attack? I’m not an expert, so I’ll leave it to someone else to verify that, but if that was the case, the text should be clarified in some way.

They at least seem to be like-minded, with such cultures and languages. 80 percent seemed to be a great number.

[In 1850, Chicago had a population of about thirty thousand. Twenty years later, it had three hundred thousand. ]  Says a lot about how Chicago embodied the triumph of American Industrialization. They continued to develop and grow, from people from all walks of life, from the countryside, towns, and cities. 

Maybe what we always see as bad or not so good, is another way of God closing the doors, to open bigger ones. If not for trial and error, we would not have gotten to where we are today.

Sounds hideous, but the story was a joke. Maybe they were wishfully thinking of no more hard labor. And that maybe, it was something they could afford.

[In September 1878, Edison announced a new and ambitious line of research and development—electric power and lighting. The scientific principles behind dynamos and electric motors—the conversion of mechanical energy to electrical power, and vice versa—were long known, but Edison applied the age’s bureaucratic and commercial ethos to the problem.]

Edison was a very smart man, and even smarter to invite others that were like-minded to all, put their heads together, and come up with brilliant ideas and inventions.

[ Much of that urban growth came from the millions of immigrants pouring into the nation. Between 1870 and 1920, over twenty-five million immigrants arrived in the United States.] America’s population grew quite substantially, with the help of urban and being in an urban area ourselves. Demands for labor were great and life appear to be quite different from those who are now in much need of our help. They found solutions than,m why not now?

New to me too, so sad that others would go out of their way to participate in such acts.Thousands of participants.

Supposedly, at the time they did not know that it not only affected African Americans but others too. Let’s make America great again! Just saying!

so much for the reliving and reminder of the past, much was still gloated and continued, just in other ways of needs.

Newfound physical freedom, let freedom ring. I wonder was it that it wasn’t only people of color or the minority.

 By the turn of the century, two technologies pioneered by Edison—the phonograph and motion pictures—stood ready to revolutionize leisure and help create the mass entertainment culture of the twentieth century. ]

Little did he know, that those technologies are still being used today. What an incredible invention. Today, reliable devices are going above and beyond. See this is just another example of how the past history of  others, or a map for our today.

I think it should be mentioned that las Casas solution to the mistreatment of indigenous peoples was the importation and enslavement of Africans.

Also – flipping between Spanish and European is confusing for some of my students. Let’s be honest – most Americans have little knowledge of geography and may not realize that Spain is part of Europe.

JQA’s election and presidency needs more than a passing glance. At least, mention that he named Clay as S of State, which was essentially designating him as the perceived successor, hence the “corrupt bargain.” Also – Martin Van Buren and the Tariff of Abominations are directly linked to the Nullification Crisis. Why no discussion of how he used is position in the House to completely derail Adams and set-up Jackson?

Jackson was a transformative president, for better or for worse, but I think this is rather… much. And yet, not enough. The fact there is no discussion of his Indian Removal policy and his reaction to Cherokee v. Ga is disappointing.

My previous comment was supposed to be on Paras 32 and 33. 🙂

If the value of land is static, it would not increase. The next sentence contradicts this as the value of the land increases from $600 to $100K over 25 years.

The section on the New Deal is displaying as one lonnnngggggg paragraph in the static version. Some one needs to check the code and insert some<p>s. It is an an overwhelming amount of information with lots of acronyms that are confusing in and of themselves.

23. The Great Depression

I agree about lend-lease, as well as adding in the 1937 Neutrality Act. Chamberlain should be mentioned by name.

The Korematsu case would clarify how something like this could happen in America.

But WHY did al-Qaeda/bin Laden attack? That’s an important part that was left out of this.

This implies that Obama was President when the Great Recession hit. Obama was not sworn in until 2009. Then the Tea Party. Then Occupy Wall Street in 2011. This chronology of this whole section is jumbled and confusing.

In light of the events in Afghanistan over the last few days, there needs to be an update of the situation and clarification of the timeline of our total withdrawal. A comparison to Saigon is not unwarranted, IMHO.

This whole section is confusing. My students are coming away thinking that the Seven Years War was about religion. Which it wasn’t.

The colonists were not calling themselves Americans at this point, at least not in the sense that modern students interpret that word to mean. What about the Catholics in former French areas? Native Americans? “British colonial subjects in the Americas” would be more accurate here.

What about the draft in the Civil War? I don’t think “solely” is the best choice of words here. 🙂

Should “disfranchisement” in the first sentence not be spelled “disENfranchisement”?

The Old Plantation has been attributed to John Rose, and is more closely dated to 1785-1790.

https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1457&context=adan

This caption is slightly misleading because it references the Fifteenth Amendment, but this amendment would not be ratified until 1870. This print, however, was published in 1867.

“Declaration of Rights and Man and Citizen” is an incorrect translation of the French title of this declaration: Déclaration des Droits de l’Homme et du Citoyen. As a French speaker, I know that this translates to “declaration of the rights of man and the citizen”.

Repeated sentence

Hola, please mention Maria Stewart, she started the woman’s rights movement by giving a speech to abolitionists 15 years prior to the Seneca Falls Movement.

American Yawp, please include Mary Ann Shadd Cary, an African American whose parents were deeply immersed in the fight for equality.  After being freed by the passing of the fugitive slave act. She became an educator in Washington D.C., she would commonly lecture on women rights. She was very well educated, graduating from Howard University, class of 1883 and she was on of the first black female lawyers.

This section is confusing; if the Emancipation Proclamation was issued January 1, 1863, effectively freeing enslaved peoples in the Confederacy, and Lincoln’s Amnesty Proclamation was issued nearly a year later in December of 1863, how was it possible that there was slavery under “Lincoln governments” in the former Confederacy? The Amnesty Proclamation stated that it did not restore enslaved peoples to their former masters.

[biker gang]

outlaw motorcycle club

self-described “DEMOCRATIC socialist”. There is certainly a strong distinction, especially considering Sanders’ brand of democratic socialism could be more accurately described as social democracy, in the vein of the Nordic countries.

Perhaps something should be added about the partisan nature of the #MeToo movement, in regards to centrist/moderate Democrats using it as a tool against Republicans, especially in light of how quickly these same Democrats who were #MeToo advocates in 2018-2019 were suddenly nowhere to be found when presumptive Democratic nominee Joe Biden had accusations against him. Meanwhile, Democrats and independents on the left who were #MeToo advocates continued on, even against a moderate Democrat like Joe Biden.

Definitely agree with the addition of the false allegations of Saddam Hussein having WMDs and allying with al Qaeda.

the civil war?

The members of the Boston and Lynn Female Antislavery Societies were hardly considered “respectable.” They were mobbed, ridiculed, and race-baited. New England clergymen disputed that “both men and women” should speak out against slavery, as did many abolitionists. In emphasizing the middle-class status of some abolitionist women, this paragraph misrepresents the movement as part mainstream “middle-class culture,” which was not at all the case in the 1830s. 

AY chapter alludes to some of these issues and cites much of the relevant literature. This paragraph contradicts that information.

AY chapter 10, that is

Second sentence needs to include an appositive around George Kennan’s name:

“…the chargé d’affaires of the U.S. embassy in Moscow, George Kennan, sent a famously lengthy telegram…”

There must be additional sections added pertaining to the recent political and military conflicts between Russia and Ukraine, China and Taiwan, and Israel and Palestine since the United States is heavily funding and expending its budget for these wars.

Hi hi guys hello how are you guys are you doing this weekend lol I have to go get back in my room and I have a few things to do but I’m on the road so I’ll see you soon lol lol I’m so bored I don’t want you guys lol I just want you guys lol I have to go to watch a movie lol lol I’m watching Netflix and watching movies watching Netflix and Hulu lol .

[“It is no longer a government of the people, by the people, and for the people, but a government of Wall Street, by Wall Street, and for Wall Street.” ]

Mary Elizabeth Lease

More focus on Natives instead of Mr. President – ex. Trail of Tears

The south was already in ruins. Especially when compared to the north

Hi, I am a student ((the main reason I am reading your work)) I just thought you should know that placing citations in the middle of your work is pretty distracting. I think it would be best if you used superscript. Other then that your writing style is wonderful, it’s as if you are talking straight to me.

Respectfully,

Ashley Bauer

fuck me

Do we know around how much gold and other valuables the Spanish took from the Aztecs? Do we know how many Aztecs died as a result of this?

“Blacks faced discrimination  everywhere…”

Isn’t this a generalization? We know that not every single person in the country was prejudiced against them. If so, there would never have been a resolution to the slave trade.

Maybe it was widespread, but not everywhere.

Yawp \yôp\ n: 1: a raucous noise 2: rough vigorous language”I sound my barbaric yawp over the roofs of the world.” Walt Whitman, 1855.

In paragraph 67, there is an extra “In”  at the beginning.

Native Americans kept to themselves, but with the arrival of the Europeans and the resulting exchange. The world was forever changed.

[The future of the South was uncertain.]

racial attitudes aren’t exactly something one could gauge and for a length of time.

[a new fight commenced to determine the legal, political, and social implications of American citizenship.]

fight was far from over…although physical detainment was mostly behind in history, social, political, and even emotional detainment hit the ground running during this time.

shady intentions

[the South was transformed from an all-white, pro-slavery, Democratic stronghold to a collection of Republican-led states with African Americans in positions of power for the first time in American history.]

revolutionary concept that catalyzed continual efforts for more permanence in change

[“we were promised Homesteads by the government. . . . You ask us to forgive the land owners of our island. . . .The man who tied me to a tree and gave me 39 lashes and who stripped and flogged my mother and my sister . . . that man I cannot well forgive. Does it look as if he has forgiven me, seeing how he tries to keep me in a condition of helplessness?”]

powerful quote of former slave speaking out on the brutalities of being a “freedman”

such a natural, god-given right…heartbreaking that this is one they had to fight for (reunification of family and children)

must catch up educationally (literacy rates)

“Mormon” is a nickname created by the public for members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. In recent years they have reinforced their correct name to the public and I think that it would be wise and respectful to change from “Mormon” to their full name.

In addition to the others’ points, I would like to add that most early members did not have multiple wives. If they did, they usually only had one extra wife and that was because the church asked them to take another. Also, the people who had lots of wives did not necessarily consummate all of their marriages, they only had children with a fraction of their wives. The other marriages were for caretaking.

Also, the others have said this, but please add something in here about the fact that plural marriage has been discontinued for over a century in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, which does not include the split-off sects, which are not part of the Church. This text seems to imply that plural marriage still continues in the Church, which it most certainly does not. I should know since I’m a member.

Lastly, in the following paragraph, the term “sexual experiments” is insulting, designating 1800s Latter-day Saint plural marriage as a sexual experiment when it required immense sacrifices that very few, if any, of us will ever understand. The emotional, mental, physical, and financial stress of caring for so many family members is likely impossible for the average modern American to understand.

Please view and address the comments for paragraph 14.

Question– Why isn’t the provisional People’s Republic of Korea (1945-1946) mentioned here? It would give context to the initial division, the outlawing of the PRK and military control of the north and south.

half century -> half-century

grammar

thanks for creating this awesome site

(if the creator reads this)

Sistema de Castas, not Casas

Insert space between NAACP and “and the ACLU.”

Insert “pact” after “Hitler’s and Stalin’s 1939 nonaggression”

There doesn’t seem to be any mention of the indigenous peoples who sided with the Americans during the conflict. This perpetuates the misinformed notion that Native Americans only aligned with the British, which effectively wipes them out of American history, as well as those peoples’ claims to helping shape American history. By including that Native Americans also sided with the Americans (which included members of the Oneida, Narragansett, Passamaquoddy, and Wappinger communities and tribes, among others) it presents students with a more complicated version of the past. The fact that the new nation did not honor its wartime relationships with those tribes, and the fact that some of those communities remained along the east coast and endured to this day adds further complexity to our understanding of the past and its legacy on the present. See Colin Calloway, The American Revolution in Indian Country, and Eric Grundset (ed), Forgotten Patriots: African American and American Indian Patriots in the Revolutionary War for more on this

The statement that George Wallace was a conservative is false. He was a liberal. Please fact check your statements before publishing. Any internet or encyclopedia search for George Wallace yields the result “Democratic Party” (liberal). Please change this error, thank you.

While you are correct, definitions change, look at almost any word now verses its definition in 1963 and it will be different.

great Intro

It should be the “Austro-Hungarian Empire,” not the “Austrian-Hungarian Empire.”

The read aloud version uses “Democratic-Republican” instead of “Republican”.

I think that Maria Stewart should be added in this section when talking about women’s rights and the antislavery movement. She was the first African American woman to give a lecture to a group of people of multiple different ethnicities and sexes. Another woman that should be added should be Mary Church Terrell as she had done a lot to further the antislavery movement such as partially founding the National Association of Colored Women.

In paragraph 32, the sentence reads “To many enslaveers in the South, slavery was the saving grace of not only their own economic stability but also the maintenance of peace and security in everyday life.”

Though on this feedback page it reads “slaveholders”, it still says “enslaveers”; it has not been updated.

the cold war grew out of failure to achieve a durable settlement.

The political landscape was altered drastically by Franklin Roosevelt’s sudden death in April 1945, just days before the inaugural meeting of the UN. Although Roosevelt was skeptical of Stalin, he always held out hope that the Soviets could be brought into the “Free World.” Truman, like Churchill, had no such illusions. He committed the United States to a hard-line, anti-Soviet approach. ((Harbutt, Yalta 1945).))

potsdam conference- discuss fate of soviet occuped poland.

*manhattan project- learn atomic bomb sucessfully tested. truman told stalin.

atlantic charter- churchill and roosevelt issue a joint declaration for post war peace. Established the creation of the united nations. (Soviet union, US, britain, frnace, china)

This plan also set in motion the p-lanning for a recognized globl economy. The societs rejected these ideas.

I don’t think Among Us existed in colonial America

“violent”?

Replace “violent” with bracketed phrase.

“Of course, tobacco is, and was, an addictive substance, but because of its (violent) [inconsistent, if not diminished,] pattern of growth,”

“yields” instead of “pattern of growth”

“Of course, tobacco is, and was, an addictive substance, but because of its inconsistent, if not diminished, yields,…”

“reduced” for “diminished”

I know…angels on heads of an editorial pen:-)

Last sentence doesn’t make specific reference to Haiti. Might be confusing for some…keep up the great work!

The most prominent pre-UFWA Latino rights group after WWII was the GI Forum led by Hector Garcia. They first broke into national prominence by their support for Felix Longoria, a WWII fatality whose family was denied waking rights in the local chapel in Three Rivers, Texas. This greatly expanded their reach as they organized Latino vets all over the country to fight for GI Bill and voting rights. They were successful in these fights and even got the first Latinos appointed to high office as a result of their political support of Kennedy and Johnson with the Viva Kennedy and Viva Johnson clubs.

They should have a paragraph of their own in the 1950s chapter, but at least a meniton in the line in front of MAPA and MALDF.

facts

To become an independent nation

I feel this section could be improved significantly if it included more African-American women who were often overlooked. They were instrumental in bridging the gap between the suffragist and abolitionist movements, creating an idea of unified equality. In particular, you should consider Maria Stewart, who was the first woman to address woman and men in a formal public lecture, and Mary Ann Shadd Cary, who was one of the first black female lawyers and was heavily involved in both the abolitionist and women’s rights movements.

Thank you.

It seems that Native Americans were doing well until the Europeans arrived bringing with them people animals, and diseases.

Many years ago a plethora of people migrated to different parts of America with the help of archeology and artifacts, dental they traced this back to thousands and thousands of years ago.

Native groups that hunted and spoke many different languages caused growth in the continent.

the native Americans thrived in the agriculture aspect growing especially corn, and squash beans they used handheld tools to plant the seed, by cutting the trees and burning the underbrush then planting seeds.

Native Americans to communicate used different graphic aspects to communicate like buffalo skin to place or write something on it different tribes used different objects.

The Missisipans populated the Chaco Canyon, and up to thirty thousand America did not reach this until after the American revolution.

At this time the Lenapes thrived and populated with a matrilineal-based social element

Salmon became revered and a source of nourishment for other native American tribes such as Tlingitis Haidas, in the Pacific Northwest.

The arrival of Europeans changed everything for native Americans.

Sugar became a desired commodity but it took a lot of work and labor so the Portuguese introduced slavery.

In 1325 the Aztecs prevailed great population huge temples building large artificial islands and pyramid temples.

Hernan Cortez conquered the aztecs and montezuma was killed.

I suggest a word change in this sentence:

Immigrant communities published newspapers in dozens of languages and purchased spaces to maintain their arts, languages, and traditions alive.

Either remove the word “alive’ or change the word “maintain” to “keep.” Such a change will improve the readability of the passage. Thank you.

typo: poise should read poised

This is the most messed up and negative textbook I have ever read. It is full of opinions and not the professional technical writing expected of a textbook and tries to tell the reader how they should feel about certain subjects. It hardly covers any positive aspects of american history while filling the reader full of negativity as to the dark past of the US. We get it. The past had a rocky and not so great foundation.

thats it? theres 2 mentionings of the supreme courts effect on fdrs plan on this page (one later), not nearly enough. dont half ass it.

This shows up as ‘lack’ Americans in the text.

Yes, please.  Include a conclusion for consistency’s sake.

The part that I cannot comment on is what I have a suggestion for. I am a “one way or the other” voter. Not a TRUMP supporter per se. However, the first paragraph that we cannot comment on, is complete “misinformation” and up to opinion. It’s correct to state that these things happened, as it is in fact history. However, “…fueled by an onslaught of lies and fabrications and conspiracy theories surrounding the November 2020 elections…” is a matter of opinion. Purely and simply an opinion. IF this had been written by a conservative it would say the opposite which I would also oppose because it is still an opinion. Opinions, without being stated as such, do not belong in history books. History is neutral. Viewed from BOTH sides. Don’t make a history book about one side’s political agenda. There are blogs and social media platforms for that.

I am *not a “one way or the other” voter.

Women demanded the vote might better be worded Women demanded to vote.

This paragraph is about how the Europeans considered the Americas as a new world, but it was everything but that. There had been people living in the Americas for 10,000 years. It also says that the Europeans caused the greatest biological terror ever.

Not sure where you are getting your information from, but Oñate cut off the foot of every male above the age of 25. He enslaved everyone between the ages of 12-25.

“In the summer of 1886, the campaign for an eight-hour day, long a rallying cry that united American laborers, culminated in a national strike on May 1, 1886.” What kind of sentence is this?  It’s like a run-on sentence made of sentence fragments.  Should “long” be “rang”?

Nevermind. I get it.

should there be a comma?

The second sentence should say “The revivals of the Second …” instead of “The revivals the Second …”. As it is currently stands, the sentence does not make sense.

There is evidence of an African presence before the slave trade and it’s not mentioned here. Columbus even described the color of the people here but yet it is omitted from most texts, including this one. There’s no accurate reporting of history without telling all relevant information.

I would just like to see some additional sub-headings for ease of reading and organizing information for students and myself to take notes in the textbook. The next several paragraphs are about agriculture, so label a heading “Agriculture”, “Aztecs”, “Incas” etc.

Label this as the “Lenape” as a subheading for example.

There is no mention of the Indian Removal Act or Trail of Tears, which is infamous during Jackson’s years as president. There should at least be a mention of it somewhere.

Nikola Tesla should at least be mentioned in these paragraphs. There was a long standing legal and personal rivalry between the two men. Tesla created AC current while Edison created DC current. Without Tesla’s inventions and AC electricity, we would not have Niagara Falls as a power conductor. Both AC and DC is used today depending on the electrical needs of equipment. As an immigrant and former employee to Edison, Tesla’s ideas were often overshadowed by a native-born American inventor. The naming of a car, Tesla, also prompts discussion of how the past relates to the present.

This fir in the Triangle Shirtwaist factory led to much needed reform. One of the biggest reasons being because Francis Perkins, the first women to serve on a cabinet, happened to be walking by at the time of the fire. She was so traumatized by is that she decided to try to aid in the reform. In turn some better conditions came to fruition such as regulating doors so they can’t be locked incase of emergencies.

To be more specific it touches on how corporations that controlled industries were shaping economics and politics and thereby working conditions.

It seems odd to me that Native Americans never tried to discover different continents. I feel like some had to have tried but I have never heard anything about that. Except that they have only ever been in North and South America.

this is the only story I remember learning in Native American studies at my elementary school. I keep forgetting that there were so many different tribes with different beliefs as well

I cannot believe how much I have forgotten about the ice age. This is so fascinating that humans were able to survive these harsh conditions such a long time ago. I am curious what they did once it started to get warmer and the ice started melting. Or did it happen so gradually it was not a shock to anyone and no need to adapt to a different climate too quickly?

Why were they called the three sisters?

This is super fascinating! I love the fact that woman being considered a minority did not exist everywhere in the same time periods. So it was not something everyone was born knowing, it was taught that men were superior in most parts of the world.

This is mind boggling to me. Why couldn’t Europeans come up with something like this? It is still horrible to keep people captive but at least they saw everyone as humans and not as property.

that sounds insane. In one canoe? It is so fascinating how smart natives were with making sure they thought about the future when it came to harvests to they knew how to make sure they did not over harvest or overkill species to ensure that they survived and could rely on them the next season. Unlike theEuropeans who came in and wiped out the wild buffalo population

I want to know who was the first to go to Asia? How did they know that there was another continent over there with different goods?

I did not know this

How many people were originally on the boats and how many of them died?

There is no way that this is true. That sounds absolutely sickening

I would like to know who thought that it was God’s will to enslave people? What happened to loving your neighbors?

Americans goal was coming true: “that the United States would become a diverse but cohesive prosperous nation”

new nation was having difficulties and tried to resolve them by putting emphasis on “unity and cooperation”

Even the Constitution was controversial and tried to strengthen the government to help resist internal conflicts

farmers were in a great debt in western Massachusetts and was increased by weak local and national economies

farmers were afraid of getting shut down by their creditors so they fought for their property

soldiers helped fight as well

The farmers and soldiers were named the “Shaysites”.
They were led by a veteran named Daniel Shays
They resorted to tactics used by the patriots before the Revolution

governor, James Bowdoin believed that the Shaysites ere rebels who wanted to rule the government through mob violence.

Wow that is incredible! six hundred rooms!

Basically a modernized slavery?

Slavery becomes modernized so it can be legalized

Its scary that they will resort to killing their citizens because of them protesting

“Victor Huerta” should be “Victoriano Huerta”

L Woodrow

Until I read this i unknowingly assumed paper money became when “jobs” formed. Knowing the system of notes were developed first is interesting. So was .this like a “book keeping” or was it just a note the person was given and whoever they gave it to it just took their word it was good? Anyone know?

I agree with you here and in the same breath I feel they could have put a limit to the amount each consumer was able to buy. We resort to constantly raising pricing to keep supplies coming, but then we have greedy three person household buying in bulk when supply is low. I think about the toilet paper shortage in 2020 and I recall reading a facebook post of a woman who had over 200 PACKS just stored in her garage just for HER!

This was in response to Gabrielle Smith’s comment, I apologize.

Please add at the end of this paragraph that polygamy is NOT practiced by Mormons anymore. It is widely misunderstood that past polygamy practices by Joseph Smith and his followers are still popular today, when they are not. It is actually forbidden in Mormonism. It is specifically stated in the Mormon document “Family: A Proclamation to the World” that marriage shall only be between one man and one woman.

Thank you for this, Tyler. I strongly agree. I think this paragraph was offensive, and it made it seem that polygamy is still being practiced by Mormons today. Many people nowadays have the misconception that it is, when it is STRICTLY FORBIDDEN against. You are right about Joseph Smith. He was confused and lost before he went into the forest and received revelation from God. The Godhead gave him the knowledge that he needed, which he used to found Mormonism.

According to the 1824 – 1876 Constitution of Texas, Article X Sec 1, “a general diffusion of knowledge being essential to the preservation of the rights and liberties of the people, it shall be the duty of the legislature of this State to make suitable provision for the support and maintenance of public schools.”

“Public schools were virtually nonexistent in the antebellum period” does not reflect this exception.

I’m writing on behalf of an undergraduate class of students at Rice University, who suggest:

“We would suggest elaborating on the final phrase ‘in the hands of those who opposed it.’ It’s an incredibly nebulous phrase that fails to identify the full scope of massive resistance to desegregation, and leaves it to the reader to assume who the opponents of integration were. The photographs demonstrate resistance, but one way to incorporate it into the text would be to cite the Southern Manifesto. Several high profile political figures including all but three southern senators were a part of the aforementioned massive resistance, and they should be identified (for details on this and their names, see James Patterson, Grand Expectations, Page 398). This will improve the narrative by telling a more accurate picture of how Brown v Board was received by the country.”

The introduction I’m seeing here to the left is different than the one in the regular text but, in any event, this sentence has a typo:

 
Soon they all were depleted. Unemployed workers and cash-strapped farmers could not defaulted on their debts, including their mortgages. 

We are identified as Americans in the present so if Europeans were called Americans, then does that make us Europeans? How did we “the present-day Americans form or choose the language that we speak today known as “English”? I’m wondering, was the “New World” big enough so that people would not end up dating within their kinship, and did they believe in cousins, in-laws, leading down to generations of kinship as we do in the present world

American history is quite different from Biblical history. in the history of American history, these people are named as “Salinan” and are claiming to be of present-day in California claims the first man was made of clay and the first woman out of a feather, which I would find that difficult to believe. However, I think it is a separation of life from the world and the bible. Now, that is confusing as well because I’m thinking, how can you separate the world from the beginning of time, which the Bible “I feel” has the right to. Ideally, I would think people migrated from different parts of the world, settle in areas, and claimed it making a new world outside of anything that could already exist. i think when this information speaks of passing down origins, written and oral that they share how their lives were when came to creation and migration history, that is something that has been passed down from generation to generation for many many many years. I think back on the stories and tales from my grandparents, aunts, uncles, parents, and elderly people

In short, I think it is amazing how studying the remains of bones and genetics can tell a story. I have a better understanding of how artifacts can tell a story because it is simply a study of what was formed or made by an individual in their present time and has become a part of history when it appears after years and years.

So here it is the first reading…I have to say I am intrigued with the reading…..not as bad as I thought it would be…..the title…I would call it the Beginning…..the new world……

At the beginning of the paragraph, there is an extra “In” at the beginning of the sentence.

This sentence is factually incorrect: “Susan B. Anthony was one of them and was arrested but then acquitted in trial.”

She was found guilty and ordered to pay a $100 fine, which she refused.

https://museum.archives.gov/featured-document-display-courting-confrontation-arrest-susan-b-anthony

“These textile mills, worked by free labor,” – “Free labor” can be misinterpreted as “unpaid labor.” Maybe “voluntary labor” or “labor of free people”?

Another option would be: “These textile mills were not operated by enslaved laborers; nevertheless, they depended on southern cotton.”

In the 6th paragraph of the primary source, on the 4th line, the word “the” is not spelled correctly. There is also an “s” in the middle of the sentence, where it is supposed to be attached to the end of the word “it.”

Spelling correction: runaway

typos: James Peale’s name and “responsible” are spelled incorrectly

Is no one going to address this? What’s the point of it being a collaborative text then?

the

From it’s beginnings in the early to mid nineteenth century during the Industrial Revolution to the modern era of today, the labor movement has fought hard forming labor parties and labor laws to give the American worker the rights they deserve. The scene in this chapter shows the defiant labor movement(armless) being chased out by armed soldiers to quell out their demonstration.

[A month of chaos erupted. Strikers set fire to the city, destroying dozens of buildings, over a hundred engines, and over a thousand cars. In Reading, strikers destroyed rail property and an angry crowd bombarded militiamen with rocks and bottles. The militia fired into the crowd, killing ten. A general strike erupted in St. Louis, and strikers seized rail depots and declared for the eight-hour day and the abolition of child labor. ]

I think , the use of armed  men to deal with the railway strikers is not the best and killing of innocent people; the best way however is to use dialogue between the workers union leaders’ and the government representative to make tranquility and sanity prevail

The Federal government actively promoted industrial and agriculture development. It enacted high tariffs that protected American industry from foreign competition, granted land to railroad company to encourage construction, and used the army to remove foreigners from Western land by farmers and mining company’s to pave way greater achievements.

Her first husband never committed suicide, an autopsy later revealed he died of pnemonia.

Funny how the current intro talking about the January 6th incident isn’t available for us to leave feedback about. Since I can’t leave a comment regarding that specific paragraph, I will have to use this one. That intro is full of lies and, you leftists’ favorite word: misinformation. The January 6th incident is still under investigation with lies still coming out about what actually happened and who were actually involved. Same goes for the election. If you don’t have 100% facts about either incident yet (as both are still being investigated), probably best to not include it in your history book. This makes me question the accuracy of any and all of this textbook if you are so willing to publish something so fresh that still isn’t 100% reported accurately, especially with biased journalists and media. Do you want to include all the nonsense about Covid too? Mask? No mask? Vaccine? No vaccine? This is ridiculous.

This chapter should be called the Resurgence of Conservatives, Triumph is final and implies a judgement.

That’s pretty badass

There is an issue with the formatting on the actual website where paragraphs 48 and 49 are combined. This results in an error: “Depression.Roosvelt” with no space between the two.

Alan Turing is the name of the man who cracked Germany’s enigma code. Alan Turing created the Turing machine, which cracked the German’s code, which changed every 24 hours. By cracking their code, the war ended much quicker and so many lives were saved. Alan Turing’s Turing machine was actually the foundation for modern computers. He is a genius and a hero and deserves to be recognized. He is often left out of history, due to the fact that he was gay and found out.  He was deemed a criminal for being a gay schoolteacher.  He took his own life due to this. The queen of England pardoned him but it wasn’t until the 2000s I think. Remember the name Alan Turing because he stopped the war and saved countless lives.

There is no evidence that soldiers were housed in private homes. https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/quartering-act

This needs to be reworded. The Constitution expressly says that the slave trade will end in 1808, but the paragraph claims it ended for those reasons. The way it is worded makes it seem like the writers of the Constitution had some prescient knowledge of the future, i.e. “These three things are going to happen in 1808, so we will allow the slave trade to continue until then.”

I think you have done a wonderful job of scholarship on what you have in this chapter, but I believe that there are some key aspects that shouldn’t get left out.  H.W. Bush’s Panamanian invasion and the ouster of Noriega is missing here.  I believe that it fits in with the long shadow of both Cold War anticommunism, globalized economics, Latin American foreign policy and the Drug Wars.  I would be happy to provide content if you wished.  My feeling was that it belonged somewhere between paragraph 10 and 11.

Publication date is in the future:

Berkin, Carol. Revolutionary Mothers: Women in the Struggle for America’s Independence. New York: Knopf, 20056.

The last 2 sentences read “Americans cringed at Nick Ut’s wrenching photograph of a naked Vietnamese child fleeing an American napalm attack. More and more American voices came out against the war.”

Surely the photograph in question should be included, at the very least, in the Primary Sources that accompany this chapter. 

I think it would be more accurate to say “human decisions” here rather than “human action.” Methodists, Baptists, and most other Protestant groups emphasized the role of belief, not behavior, in salvation (though behavior was seen as a product of belief) — the conversion experience or moment of commitment was prioritized over actions.

President Batak Obama was very new to his whole experience in the White House and ruling the nation. He did did try to combat the grey recession but was a failure to it because he did not have many supporters by hui side. The economy itself was already bf falling and it still is today because of all the finance that needs to be grated to help all these wars happening now. The stimulus was placed in a time when it was relevant to the economy as how it would be today. Inflation have taken a toll on humanity today because work has become harder to sustain and people are increasingly looking for jobs and a change in the economy. The assistance for the government had deteriorated to about half of what they used to provide for the people who were on government assistance. The freedom of speech allowed one to express their frustrations and needs for a better future living in America but it’s not making any progress within society or to the person in higher power. Expression one self now is saying so much but saying nothing at all really. As the years go by and a new president steps into office nothing have really changed. Obama reign had lasted its time but what can the people say much to how he contributed to the economy and the people.

“Comprehending Japanese motivations for attacking China and the grueling stalemate of the ensuring war are crucial for understanding Japan’s seemingly unprovoked attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii”
Is the word “ensuring” supposed to be “ensuing”?

The Battle of Whitestone Hill took place from Sept. 3-5.  Although the bulk of the fighting occurred on the 3rd, there were engagements on the 4th and 5th.  Also, estimates of Sioux casualties range from 100-300.  Might want to mention the name of the battle as well.

[In 1919, the UNIA announced plans to develop a shipping company called the Black Star Line as part of a plan that pushed for blacks to reject the political system and to “return to Africa” instead.”]

I see that there is an unnecessary quotation after Africa at the end of this sentence, but please let me know if it is there on purpose.

I agree that more on Puerto Rico. My students get a lot out of the Philippines information and documents. I would love to see similar inclusions for Puerto Rico, either here or in a later chapter.

The 13th amendment does not  “abolish slavery ‘except as punishment for a crime.'” This is an inaccurate statement. The language of the amendment reads: “Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.” According to the commonly used “last antecedent rule” the disjunctive conjunction “nor” separates “slavery” and “involuntary servitude” meaning that the latter term “involuntary servitude” is subject to the following qualification and not the former term “slavery.” This interpretation is consistent across existing precedential case law. Slavery, as defined by legally sanctioned personal ownership of a human being, was definitively abolished by the 13th amendment. The use of temporary prison labor without the condition of ownership as property is allowed by the criminal exception clause of the 13th amendment. The South’s use of convict labor to enforce social and legal racial codes and replicate hierarchies that existed under the slave system is a reality provided for by the inclusion of involuntary servitude in the 13t amendment, but it is an inaccurate oversimplification to say that slavery was never fully abolished in the United States.

This is really quite vague and dated. First, Fred Anderson’s excellent Crucible of War has become the go-to book for the French and Indian War. Second, there has been much recent scholarship on American colonists — both wealthy speculators and their agents (Washington was one of these agents) — giving land grant in the Ohio Forks region. These grants were what spurred the French to build forts, and this in turn provoked the English to respond. The Yawp text here is grossly over-simplified; especially considering that conflict between British administrators and American land speculators and squatters will be one of the major reasons for the Revolution. And we know this because it says so in the Declaration of Independence.

Alan Taylor, American Revolutions.

Colin Calloway, The Indian World of George Washington.

The periodization with this is awkward. Manifest Destiny is best dealt with as a Western phenomenon. Indian Removal should be dealt with earlier under the Age of Jackson. Placing it here makes this chapter longer than it need be, and confuses the issues here.

There needs to be a section in this or the next chapter on the Red Scare. It astounds me that there is no mention at all of Abrams v. United States (1919), and the great dissent of Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.

[To avoid the postwar chaos of World War I, the Marshall Plan was designed to rebuild Western Europe, open markets, and win European support for capitalist democracies.]

The Marshall Plan was designed to avoid the postwar chaos of World War II, not World War I.

Capitalize “Black” the same way you guys capitalize ‘African- American”. “Black” is and can be used to identify an African- American, but being Black is now generally understood as the proper term for Black Americans who can’t trace their roots or, who were born in another country that isn’t Africa. In English, we capitalize proper nouns like Latinx. Asian, Indigenous American, and in reference to a culture or a person should be capitalized.

Remove the last sentence, that is 100% opinion and not history.

Throughout the women’s suffrage there were many significant African-American women advocates that should be mentioned in this paragraph. They had a notable impact in the women’s rights movement, and deserve the same historical recognition as the white women of America. For example, Mary Church Terrell and Frances Ellen Watkins Harper were one of the few African-Americans who were prominent participants in the moment. However, they are not mentioned in this article meant to cover the women involved and the overall women’s rights movement. To properly educate the American students, black women must be recognized and honored the same.

Didn’t laborers at this time work roughly 16 hours a day, 6 days a week? This would calculate to over 90 hours a week, not 60.

I believe the two women are named “hypocrisy” and “deceit”

American Yawp, it is imperative that you add more women of color to this paragraph in the women’s right section. One great example is Mary Ann Shadd Cary, she dedicated her life to women’s rights, was one of the first female black lawyers in the country and was a safe house for many run-away slaves. Please consider adding her to this section.

I believe the Battle of Britain was from July 10th to October 31st.

I think it would interesting to have a section on the Buck v. Bell (1927) case, as well as the eugenics movement more broadly.  It’s hard to know where to put it, but my best thought is here, right after the paragraph on immigration quotas.

Eugenics always fascinates my students, especially because it was embraced by people on all sides of politics, who were in favor of all types of causes.  It’s hard to decide whether it was the darkest manifestation of social Darwinism or the darkest manifestation of progressivism.

The Maryland National Guard opens fire at the laborer.

The Great Railroad Strike 1877.

Rail lines slashed workers wages leading to a strike.

The workers shut down traffic from Baltimore to St.Louis.

The workers went on strike for low wages.

The Governor, couldn’t stop the worker so he employed the militia.

The Federal troops finally defeated them.

The strike lasted for six weeks, nearly 100 Americans died and $40million worth of properties damaged.

The strike galvanized the country.

The laborers wanted government aid and a better pay.

The laborers had to strike because of low wages and couldn’t support their families.

The post war era changed the American Industry.

There was a change in production and division.

It paved way for advertising agencies.

There was a division of production thereby leading to massive output.

The mass production attracts the investors to provide capital to the industries.

Competition melted away in the early 1990s.

In 1901,there was industrialization.

Capitalism brought massive profits to companies.

It created so many jobs,long hours and low pay.

There was a big gap between the rich and the poor.

A lot of big companies amass wealth for themselves.

There was a wide gap increase in wealth between the rich and the poor.

The wealth was only enjoy by  a small percentage of Americans.

These lead to many books being published.

The strong grew stronger.

There was inequality.

There was progress in societies and species.

There was growth in the Us economy.

There was a rise in the Republican Party.

The Republican Party became the party of business.

The Republicans dominance created a tax policy.

The Southern planters didn’t like this new policy.

The new systems made workers to put in mores hours but yet little pay.

The workers were on strike.

There was a strike.

There was a campaign in Summer of 1886.

A rally united American laborers.

National strike.

Thee were thousands of workers on the strike.

A long rally for better pay.

The police break up a protest and serval workers were killed in Chicago.

A bomb exploded and killed several policemen leading to an outrage.

The national movement collapsed after some anarchists were arrested and hanged.

The workers continue to strike.

The strike continues.

In 1894 there was another strike due to cut in wages.

Not only the workers but the farmer too cry out for economic theft.

By 1890 Wall Street owns the country.

The farmers were hit by industrialization.

The farmers became debtors and own no lands.

There was a change in the American economy.

The farmers were dissatisfied by the new system.

The Farmers launched cooperatives.

There was mass production in the economy.

In 1890 the Democrats won seats.

Alliance members organized a political party.

There was a shift in political and economical power.

There still was inequality.

The politicians greediness was causing a crisis.

There was racism.

A lot of Americans were unhappy.

The new movement of Populism was stumbling.

The leadership of the party was not unified.

A new era of American politics was born.

In 1880 there was economic depression.

Farmers loss their crops and there where no politicians to support them.

Bryan won the election in Nebraska House of Representative.

Bryan knows how to speak and the farmers would listen to him.

Bryan wanted to become a president so he could change the country and defend the farmers.

In 1895-96 Bryan launched a national speaking tour, in which he promoted the free coinage of sliver.

Bryan received a presidential nomination in 1896.

Congress pass the Gold Standard Act in 1900.

Bryan was among the most influential losers in American political history.

The Populist vision laid grounds for coming progressive movement.

William J Bryan exposed Populist poliotics

The strategy of temporary ‘fusion’movemrnt fatally fractured.

The Populist party proves to be the most political party.

The Populist vision laid the intellectual groundwork for the coming progressive movements.

The agrarian revolt establish the roots of later reform.

Bryan argued the the Democratic party was now a part of a

radical faction of Populists.

The workers  still suffer from low pay,long hours

Years after the Civil War,Americans settled the vast heart of the continent.

Many of the Americans who came from the West settled for quick paying jobs.

The working class women worked in shops ,saloons, boardinghouses and brothels.

the 100,000 plus migrants who settled in the Rocky Mountains were more valuable than the gold they came to find.

A lot of the skulls were used for fertilization.

The American migrants,Mormons were fleeing from religious persecution.

The Mormons migrated alot.

The Mormons believed that Americans were exceptionally created by God to help spread the gospel.

Only the men could claim land why?

So the only way a woman could acquire land was to be single?

The State of Texas grew and is still growing to present date.

Me too I thought as much.

The United States removed Native groups to ever-shrinking reservations.

The United States controled the enormity of land between the two oceans.

Is there a reason why the entire near forty-year period covered in this chapter is best introduced with a frankly one-sided and polarized account of Jan 6? In this entire textbook, not one president has been covered in such a negative light — not Andrew Johnson, not Andrew Jackson, not Harding or Buchanan or Hoover or any of them, and yet we kick off this chapter by dragging Donald Trump through the mud in a massive way.

I’m not saying we shouldn’t talk about Jan 6, but honestly this introduction makes me not really trust the rest of this chapter because it seems to be the opposite of an unbiased and informational account.

I’ve got one… intro by talking about 9/11. It’s a way more important event in this time period, it had far-reaching consequences that were addressed throughout this chapter, and frankly, it’s a lot less polarizing. It’s 2024, there’s no way to take an unbiased stand on Trump. Absolutely, we should talk about his presidency and Biden’s later on in the chapter, but let’s start with the most important stuff without letting politics get in the way.

I believe this “collaborative text” has accepted a bias view on Trump’s presidency. Although it is acceptable to cover some of his short comings, this chapter literally ripped his term apart and solely focused on his failings. I do not appreciate a text–especially one used for school or textbook purposes– that leads one to believe that the writer has written with a prejudice pen.

Please revise the original chapter entitled “American Carnage.”

The last sentence seems to have a flaw, all that is needed is to add the word “do”.

“…should ask themselves what they could __ to enact the kingdom…”

Same as above comment. Typo

This was a big step in the right direction in the Northern America freeing around 4 million people from such a long time in salvery.

This is a sad reality for the freedpeople. They just want to be reunited with their relatives, but have to put up posters to help find them.

This shows how women had to fight from themselves just to gain gender equality

Initiating violence is not always necessary, but it seemed like it was in the 1870’s just for the white conservatives to get their own way

It’s good to see that going through a war brought this, but it’s sad a war had to happen

In the sentence that begins when black Americans, in the reading, it says when lack Americans…

Native Americans lived and developed governing systems within their own beliefs and knowledge of the Americas before the Europeans “discovered” their new world.  Before their arrival and greedy mindset brought disease, separation and segregation and slavery to the Americas.  Similar tactics were in place however were more humane toward both humans and animals.

Native American stories of how the earth was created by their indigenous belief systems.  The broad scope of the stories aren’t much different than religious mindset.  Both have similar outcomes with different story line.  Archaeologist and anthropologist focus on a scientific study of artifacts, bones, genetic signatures tell their own story to give a similar timeline with scientific evidence.

Through evidence collected after the global ice age between 12 and 20,000 years ago was when human hunter gatherers traveled in small groups as means of survival in the new land of Asia and America.

The was a division of native group that understood the vast benefits of their surroundings.  Those in the NW had salmon filled rivers.  Plains and prairie, deserts, and forest the cultures were as different as their environment.

Mesoamericans relied on maize/corn for survival and this began the agriculture.  North America continues to hold the importance of those that began the development and sustainability of North America.

I think DaBaby hit pop rap artist is the best, and 1877 republicans were L ratio bummies am i right?

hola

hola

Annie shot apples off of her English Setter, I can’t find any information about a poodle.

The artist’s name is misspelled – should be Snyder not Synder

Members of the church are commonly called Mormons, and the term was endorsed by the church. From 2010 to 2018, the church ran an advertising and outreach campaign called “I’m a Mormon”. The church spent millions on producing a 2014 documentary entitled “Meet the Mormons” and advertised it in every Ensign issue.

Concerning movements during the past decade and past couple of years, it would seem appropriate to discuss the March for Our Lives movement in response to the Parkland shooting and the context about mass shootings in the United States during the 2010s

It is not shown in this version, but upon reading the final paragraphs regarding the Trump presidency on the main site, the 2nd impeachment concerning January 6th was mentioned, however, there is no prior reference to the former president’s first impeachment concerning his communications with the Ukrainian president a year earlier.

One of the main reasons for the shift from the ecomienda system to the repartimiento was the papal encyclical delivered by Pope Paul III in 1537 and adopted by the Spanish monarchy, the Sublimus Dei. Which stated that the Native Americans “are by no means to be deprived of their liberty or the possession of their property…nor should they be in any way enslaved…” This

I feel that you should include the term iconoclasm here as this was the name given to the abolition or ornate churches, and that the definition should be expanded upon a but to show the full breath of reforms that the Puritans were attempting to achieve.

There needs to be a section dedicated to the explorations of de Soto.

While I have enjoyed reading the information provided, I believe that Queen Anne’s War (1702-1713) and King George’s War (1744-1748) also need to be included into the text. These two wars not only assist in laying the foundation for the French and Indian War and showing continued conflict between the two empires, but also shows growing frustrations with the colonists and the British crown. The treaties of Utrecht and Aix-la-Chapelle could both be seen as a slap in the face of the colonists who fought hard to win territory, only to have to return it to the French.

Just a grammatical error. On sentence #4 it should be “among” investors, manufacturers, and retailers, not “between.”

It maybe beneficial to write what ” Agrarian Reform” is, other than a lovely  euphemism to be substituted with Communism.

These paragraphs seemly frame George Wallace as a Conservative. This couldn’t be further from the truth. Wallace was a democratic presidential candidate at one point. This should be framed better to align with current political standings.

“Many of these different types of response”

CHANGE TO: “Many of these different types of responseS”

or “Many of these different responses”

–> Add and -S to “response”

Voluntarily Benevolent

Voluntary should be an adverb –>

BTW, I’m a big fan of the textbook and all. I use it for school. Do you have a merch shop online? If not, I highly recommend that you should open one.

I believe you need to expound more on the New Jersey plan to the students. After all, prior to the Great Compromise the delegates debated for two weeks over a bicameral (Virginia Plan) and a unicameral (New Jersey Plan).  At least give the credit to the person that presented it to the Convention, William Paterson.

This would be a great place to discuss more of the Bill of Rights. All in all you have barely provided a sentence to what Rights the Bill protects. Especially in today’s political climate and the fact that a majority of High School students do not understand the Bill of Rights, namely the ninth and tenth amendments.

In the contributors section for the second part of the book (with the last substantive chapter on the recent past), on p. 443, my last name is misspelled. It should be “Daniel Burge,” not “Daniel Birge.”

Thank you.

The above errors persist two years on.

The fact that this even says “the global exchange of people” is so incredibly sad and heartbreaking.

What does “yawp” mean? I’ve never heard/seen this word before.

This is so interesting. I never quite knew exactly what Indigenous people lived here in California in prior times and now I know that is was the Salinan tribe. It’s also so cool to hear how the first man and women came to be–based off their beliefs/religion. The bald eagle that formed the first man out of clay and the first women coming from a feather is pretty much their version of our Adam and Eve. I’ve never heard other stories like this from different cultures and I love that I already learned something new!

Wow, insane!

Must’ve been a long trip…

I wonder if these languages are still with us today or if many of them have gone lost over the centuries.

I’m sure they were very resourceful.

I knew men would do the hunting and fishing but what I didn’t know is that it was the Women who built their agriculture. Good for them.

A lot of this stuff said about Trump is super, super biased. Also, I think that, concerning the 1/6 event, you should discuss how so many people claim that none of that actually happened- because they were actually in DC at that time. You should also think about how so many people say that the left actually did that white house storming.

Also, discuss how TONS AND TONS of ballots were “randomly” found buried underground? what about that? As a side note, wouldn’t you be upset if you worked so hard to win an election, and then it was stolen from you through compromise and fraud, and literally every person in the gov. was against you?

All the conspiracy theories are coming true.

Do your research and don’t just say what everyone else is saying…

Concerning the covid talk in the 3rd to the last section, I think you should discuss how many of the “positive” cases were given to people who didn’t even die from covid.

r.e.s.e.a.r.c.h.

This is by far an opinionated chapter and is fairly disappointed. Many points in this chapter are not backed up by evidence and lots of recent history is still being investigated. On the accounts of Donald Trump and January 6th, the section fails to maintain a historical standpoint. For Donald Trump and other presidents, it fails to recognize the good that people did and instead focuses on the negative connotations of America just like the media does. It is truly sad to see that we went from a truly great analytical standpoint to pure bias and hate that has no place in history. Along with this, it is clearly shown that this is a leftist perspective which is expected since this is in partnership with Stanford University which is truly disappointing as well. Learning should not be indoctrination supporting far left democrats when both political parties have brought good to the nation that is failed to be recognized and instead, this page has become one of many media outlets that will forever damage the integrity of the recent past.

I thought exactly the same thing I in regard to how many various languages were spoken.
I then realized how many different tribes there were and it seemed to make more sense to me.

Kipling talks about his first impression of Chicago during the late 1800s and how he was “impressed with a great horror” because “there was no color in the street and no beauty.” 1889 is during a time where the Gold Rush just ended and the railroads were just built and the Railroad Acts were just put into place. The population had grown a substantial amount as well as the economy.

“Chicago embodied the triumph of American industrialization” going back to my last note this was a time, for America, of the economic boom.

Railroads specifically brought in an increasingly amount of business. This was become railroads “impelled the creation of uniform time zones across the country, gave industrialists access to remote markets, and opened the American West. At the time railroads were the nation’s largest business.

George Wallace did not by any means embody conservative views, he was a typical, racist liberal democrat. This needs to be changed immediately. This skewing of history books to fit an agenda bullshit needs to stop. Write the history as it happened. Stop being assholes, thanks. The democrats are the true racists from the beginning. They always have been and will continue to be.

It should be addressed that Howard Miller’s ‘We Can Do It‘ poster would not have been widely recognized at the time as it was only posted inside Westinghouse Electric Corporation factories and only for two weeks at that – as it says on the bottom of the poster. Because of its internal posting it also was never intended to bring women into the workforce, but instead motivate those who were already working.
 
The poster only achieved fame when it was ‘rediscovered’ in the 1980s and used as a feminist icon.
 
The actually well-known Rosie was Norman Rockwell’s ‘Rosie the Riveter‘ published as the cover of the nationally circulated Saturday Evening Post on May 29, 1943.

Howard Miller’s ‘We Can Do It’ was only posted inside Westinghouse Electric Corporation factories and only for two weeks at that – as it says on the bottom of the poster. Because of its internal posting it also was never intended to bring women into the workforce, but instead motivate those who were already working.

(Similar comment on par.68)

Definitely needs it.

It alludes to it slightly with the ‘splitting with nonagression after,’ but then avoids poking at why France and England didn’t also declare war on Russia. Given, that is a quagmire of treaties, empty promises, and an interwar tradition of politically ignoring Russia.

WWI is correct – though it is oddly phrased.

It is implying that the Marshall Plan was created as a way to ensure Europe would not see the same issues that had occurred after WWI.

WWII would only be correct if ‘to avoid’ was changed to ‘to fix/rebuild.’

To my knowledge Ted Landmark was a civil rights lawyer, and 30 years old when the picture was captured. The protester could possibly have been in his teens.

The line the But while the U.S. denounced Japanese aggression, it took no action is misleading. It overlooks the U.S.S. Panay incident and the steel and oil embargo placed on Japan on July 26th 1941. It also overlooks loans and arms sales to China in 1940 and 1941 and the formation of the American Volunteer Group.

It would be helpful to include more information on appeasement policies. I feel this issue is extremely important and a lesson we need to focus on so that we can learn for the future. It is referenced but briefly.

I feel this page would benefit from information on American Neutrality prior to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. The Lend Lease program and the “great arsenal of democracy” while the US specifically passed bills to attempt to stay out. Our involvement in the war prior to Dec. 7th, 1941 seems to be brushed over as well as the American desire to stay out of another European war.

Replace with was

I’d love to add a sentence either here or in paragraph 10 that connects to the image in terms of the rise of political parties and, well, partying and campaigning.

Is this the place to mention the spoils system/rotation in office?  Postal clerks were generally the only source of hard currency, especially in the frontier so the democratization of gvt. work regardless of qualifications sets up the bank war.

I’m surprised there isn’t something about political reform in here. Perhaps in the prelude to reform section adding two paragraphs on direct election of Senators, income tax, city manager governments, referendum and recall? Or reorganizing the whole thing to discuss different pathways to reform electoral, regulation, social and then having them come together in the women’s movement to get the vote.

con·serv·a·tive

/kənˈsərvədiv/

adjective

1.

averse to change or innovation and holding traditional values.

Learn some vocabulary.

Learn to pronounce

Link is broken

[ He defended the impulsive general, arguing that he had had been forced to act.]

Double “had”

Merle Haggard’s “Okie from Muskogee” is likely satire and should be treated more like it is in this passage. Mentioning Haggard as confronting the counterculture through this song would not be fair. Haggard said that “We wrote it to be satirical, originally, but then people latched on to it and it really turned into this song that looked into the mindset of people so opposite of who and where we were.” The first line of the song says “we don’t smoke marijuana in Muskogee” and this is coming from Haggard, who was known to smoke marijuana. If Archie Bunker is accurately said to mock revolutionary middle-aged white men than Haggard’s satirical song should be treated in a similar tone.

Brigham Young did not become the leader of the Mormons after the death of Joseph Smith. On the westward movement they split. Brigham Young (the original leader) had a vision of the mountains in Utah but Joseph Smith and some of the other members wanted to continue on to California, which they did.

I can’t believe you said such a thing.

stop

just stop

no more yawp

nice

This is a historical resource, and you are making jokes. Unbelieveable.

Please consider adding more information about Puerto Rico. In this and most other history books, it is simply listed along with Guam and the Philippines as the spoils of the War of 1898. It ignores the fact that unlike the Philippines, Puerto Rico has remained connected to the United States, with a proscribed citizenship since 1917. The US-PR relationship has left the island in limbo since the Insular Cases defined as being “foreign in a domestic sense,” and it faces the same problem in academic history. It is neither claimed by Latin Americanists, nor by United States historians. It is time to acknowledge the intrinsic connection between the US and PR, its imperial nature, and its catastrophic consequences.

“Homosexual men and those thought to be homosexual”

Men accused of homosexuality carried a hegemonic tone.

Homosexuality is not a crime to be accused of.

I HATE this picture!  Just tired of constantly having to see this!!!!!

Didn’t we learn that Abraham Lincoln made thanksgiving a national holiday??

I did not realize the Civil War did so much property damage the affected daily transportation.

Because of the Civil War.

What does Yawp mean?

Industry has its place, but the rich only became richer and the great divide if inequality continues today.  Donald Trump.

Social Darwinism is rough, but someone has to be on top.

Social Darwinism should be encouraged, but their should be a limit

Nixon visited China in 1972.

Starting with section VIII New Horizons-

you have two different versions

The Version that one would read from the table of contents has a chapter titled “American Carnage” which has a paragraph that is slightly edited and repeated (first 2 paragraphs after picture of Trump-not in this section, so I don’t have paragraph numbers).

When you come to the comment section, VIII New Horizons is a completely different section on LGBTQ, #Me Too, and BLM.

Both need to be included in the actual text.

I hope someone will read this and improve this section.

I feel like the text should be more formal and specific when refering to the duel between Jackson and Dickinson in 1806. Saying simply “that backcountry Kentucky duel” seems more informal and takes a stance of the situation, which a historical resource arguably should not.

Surprising lack of any reference to the first settlers of New England (the colony of Plymouth) and the parallel Separatist movement that fueled the first settlement. Should definitely include something about the Pilgrims in 1620 and their journey.

I’m not sure if anyone can ask this question, and this is not the right place to ask it, but since we’re trillions of dollars in debt with no hopes of paying it back, can we just keep building a debt and forget about it forever with no consequences?  If not, is the nation just going to implode?  Man, I gotta get outta here.

what does “daie” mean in this paragraph? What does one mean when they “stand all the daie?”

I agree with Mackowski’s comment.

Secondly, the article linked to as a source at the end of the paragraph has been deleted or moved. Clicking the link takes you to a 404 page

The last few sentences (starting with “Spain’s New World motives[…]”) take the relevant quote out of context. With full context, as seen in Columbus’s Journal (I am using the translation from https://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=3&psid=1248), Columbus is at the moment explaining why he feels that building a fort is unnecessary; in this paragraph, the intended interpretation seems to be that Columbus actually intended subjugation. Notably, this context is also absent from the Yawp’s primary source reader; while I understand that textbooks suffer from a curse of brevity, a primary source should not be subjected to such a fate.

The America revolution did not occur, life is a fallacy.

Did anyone ask? No. No one cares about bias. Darrow did eloquently fight for academic freedom, and you can’t do anything about it. Too bad so sad!

The final statement, “this compromise also counted a slave as three fifths of a person for representation and tax purposes,” does not accurately represent the Constitution. This “compromise” counted three-fifths of a state’s enslaved population, not three-fifths of an individual.

The current digital version of the textbook refers to a Civil War general named “William Sheridan.”  I believe this is an error, and that the book is meaning to refer to General Philip Sheridan (later announced in this chapter).  While I do not see the problematic text here, it is still in the current digital version of the textbook.  The sentence I refer to is “…celebrity Civil War generals such as William Sherman and William Sheridan exploited and exacerbated local conflicts sparked by illegal business ventures and settler incursions.”

I am certain that the reference to “William Sheridan” is an error and that the authors mean to refer to Philip Sheridan.

What did Benjamin Rush mean when he said, “Upon seeing the King’s throne in the House of Lords, he felt as if he walked on sacred ground, with emotions I cannot describe”?

“Darwnism” should be “Darwinism”

Any mention of the MR pact should be preceded by the fact that the USSR offered a defensive alliance against Nazi Germany to France and the UK multiple times, all being rejected by France and Britain.

How about you write your version and cite scholarly sources and then compare and come to them with actual content rather than just saying you don’t like how the modern part of this textbook is worded. Can’t change how history is interpreted without backing up your point of view, simple historiography.

NEW WORLD FOR EUROPEANS BUT NOT FOR AMERICANS WHO HAVE LIVED THERE

DIFFERENT LAGUAGES SPOKEN HERE

DIFFERENT CULTURES

NATIVE AMERICANS MIGRATED KEPT PEACE WITH THY NEIGHBOR, HAD ALLIENCES. HAD TRADE NETWORKS

COLOMBIAN EXCHANGE CHANGED EVERYTHING FOR THEM, LIKE SEPARATION, VIOLENCE, TERROR

Goats were native to Eurasia. How is this possible pre-contact?

An oral account of a peoples history that is passed down through generations can sometimes be misconstrued through the ages.

They had efficient means to hunt and farm that I wasn’t familiar with

I didn’t know they planted tobacco back then I thought it was a newer crop.

When did the sailors perfect the astrolabe?

17 ships only held 1000 men? that seems like a small number ratio.

In the sentence”While these programs persisted and even thrived, in the years immediately following this flurry of legislative activity, the national conversation surrounding Johnson’s domestic agenda largely focused on the $3 billion spent on War on Poverty programming within the Great Society’s Economic Opportunity Act (EOA) of 1964″ I think that “$3billion spent on War and poverty….” sounds better, there’s to many ons

Robert F. Kennedy was killed, not Robert F. Kennedy Jr., his son.

Rose, not Ruth Schneiderman

National American American Suffrage Association???

National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)

Hi! I am a student and your work is being used for my course. I love it! How do I get to download a copy for my study records? My school portal don’t have a download feature fore this book.

Add information on Maria Stewart

— First woman to speak to audience of male + female and multiracial audience

— Advocated for universal rights – all races + genders

Add information on Mary Church Terrell

— One of the first African American women to earn college degree

— One of the founders and first president of National Association of Colored Women

Hi,

Left a comment here about 2 months ago, it’s still in moderation – is there any chance I could get some feedback?

Thank you!

Hi!

Really sorry to bother, I’m just really confused by the moderation here!  So the problem, to reiterate, is with the statement:

“New York City’s economy was so reliant on slavery that over 40 percent of its population was enslaved by 1700.”

That seems, like I said before, very high?  And I am really confused because it is not supported by the source which is cited for it.  In Appendix D, Schneider and Schneider, there is no mention of the population of NYC – the closest evaluation to that is an estimate of populations of the Colony of New York as a whole, and in 1700, they list 19,107, of which 2256 were black (there is no mention of numbers for enslaved people but of course, we can assume at this time it is the overwhelming majority of the black population).

If AmericanYawp is getting that 40% of NYC enslaved number somewhere else, could you provide the citation?  I’m totally open to the idea that Yawp’s number is correct – with a popualtion of roughly 5000 in 1700, if all of NY slaves were concentrated in the city, that might make the 40% number plausible.  But I think it might be that the number has been mixed up with the fact that in 1730 roughly 42% New Yorkers owned slaves. I would love to see the source being cited, it would be very interesting to me.

Thank you!

[The world was slowly but surely coming closer together, and the South was right in the middle.]

The students in my class at Lehigh University felt that this sentence did not fully communicate how the brutality of slavery underwrote the dawn of globalization.

There appears to be no mention of the Suez Crisis in this chapter. Adding some commentary might be helpful.

Thank you for a great textbook!

Ted Curtis, Syracuse NY

Interesting that the title of the chapter is The New World when in the very first sentences the authors note that is a misconception and misnomer. Why not follow the lead of historians such as Daniel Richter and refer to the “ancient” Americas or use a similar concept?

The opening paragraphs of this section do a woeful job of establishing historical context and precedents for European expansion in the early modern era. Notably lacking is any meaningful discussion of the impact of Islamic civilization on medieval Europe and the Mediterranean. This is an inexcusable oversight that requires only a paragraph or two to rectify. As currently written, the implication of this section is that important technological and cultural advances developed organically in western Europe without any external influences. Please improve this narrative.

In an open-book exam, I asked students to describe the difference between indentured servants and enslaved workers, and many students went to this paragraph to seek an explanation. The inclusion of “tithable” is confusing to students, and while this point in the legal history can be clarifying for scholars, it makes no sense to readers in an introductory survey course. Also, I never found a clear statement of the distinctions between indentured servants and enslaved workers, but maybe I have missed it.

It might be more useful to include this specific reference to the notion of an African woman being “tithable” in a footnote, but to state the legal status of enslaved people more plainly.

https://www.loc.gov/resource/mfd.23011/?sp=6

It looks like Douglass delivered this speech in 1878, not 1877. The title of the selection says 1877 and so does the sourcing note at the end.

In this paragraph, when you read it on the website and not on this section, it says “When lack Americans” when it should say black Americans.

typo: poise should read poised

Sioux is an outdated term. Unless you give context to how the Dakota received it (through the bastardization of an Ojibwa word that settlers began to use) it would be more appropriate to use the term Dakota.

Please include in this that polygamy was not practiced by Joseph Smith or any other member of the Church Of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints for SEXUAL REASONS. Polygamy was only practiced by said members in order to help and provide for sisters in need. ALSO, as asked by current prophet Russell M. Nelson, it is asked that Mormons be referred to as “Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints” because, we are christians and do not worship Mormon.

Mormon should be changed Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. This was and still is the real name of the religion.

Emmanuel was here

The intro is filled with opinions and misinformation about what happened on January 6, especially regarding the section about the President’s involvement. History should be objective.

Hello American Yawp, love your work, but it is truly important that you include the notable women of color that added to the suffrage movement. Maria Stewart was actually the first woman to speak at a formal public lecture in front of both men and women. Nannie Helen Burroughs was also an important figure in the movement; she established the National Association of Colored Women in 1896 and the National Training School for Women and Girls in 1909.

This text should add the work of many African American women that did their fair share in the women’s rights movement. Two of which are Mariah Stewart and Mary Church Terrell. Mariah Stewart addressed an abolitionist party years before the Seneca convention. She tied women into the fight for civil rights. Mariah Stewart brought up equal opportunity before Susan B. Anthony of Elizabeth Cady Stanton and she should be recognized for that. Mary Church Terrell founded and was the president of the National Association of Colored women. Terrell also did a lot of civil rights work. These women along with many others should be recognized in this textbook for the work that they did.

It seems somewhat relevant that the US ambassador to Mexico before Woodrow Wilson came in office was a supporter of Huerta/tacitly encouraging Madero’s removal due in part to Madero refusing to listen to US orders.

Sorry not sorry but you’re incorrect.

There is no evidence to corroborate that the 2020 election was “stolen”. In fact, it was one of the most secure elections on record.

Donald Trump lost the 2020 election, and Joseph R. Biden won the presidency.

This paragraph ends with a close quote which is not matched by an open quote, or part of a quotation. I recommend deleting the close quote.

I do not see how this is a slim majority for Reagan, he wins overwhelmingly in the electoral college and wins the presidency by 10 percent. I think it is unfair to call this a slim majority and reeks of political posturing

On the latest version, there is no citation of the Jan 6th Insurrection image.

The convention among Latin American historians these days is that the Aztecs did not see Cortes as Quetzalcoatl. The only evidence we have of the conquest from the time of the conquest is Cortes’ letters to the King and in those he does not make mention of this. This theory was put to rest with Camilla Townsend’s article “Burying the White Gods”. It is a Eurocentric interpretation.

Every time I have read about the Stamp Act it has mentioned that it applied “even” to playing cards.

Could we either leave out the “even” or explain it in a bit more detail?

“The American Revolution was a global.”–Sentence fragment.

I believe Bryan served in the US House, representing Nebraska, not “the Nebraska House of Representatives.”  Similarly, he was unsuccessful in his campaign for the US Senate, not “the Nebraska Senate.”

The last sentence of this paragraph refers to “Carnegie’s U.S. Steel,” implying that Andrew Carnegie was running U.S. Steel when Taft was President.  I don’t believe that was the case.

The 1937 strike at GM in Flint, MI was not “the first instance of a ‘sit-down’ strike.”  It’s debated which was the first sit-down strike in US labor history, but many cite a brewery workers strike in Cincinnati in 1884, or Akron, Ohio rubber workers strike in 1936.  The 1937 sit-down at Flint was probably the most historically significant sit-down strike, but not the first use of the tactic.

This paragraph is quite dated, still reflected the basic interpretation advanced by C. Vann Woodward in his 1951 Reunion and Reaction.  A series of essays by historians in the 1970s and 1980s, including Michael Les Benedict and Allan Peskin, demolished Woodward’s basic argument about the quid pro quo of the supposed Compromise of 1877 (and Woodward himself later acknowledged that he was wrong).

There are several problems with some of the basic assumptions of this paragraph, particularly the sentence:

“Democrats conceded the presidency to Hayes on the condition that all remaining troops would be removed from the South and the South would receive special economic favors.”

1) Not all of the troops were actually removed after 1877, which Greg Downs as recently demonstrated.

2) None of the supposed economic favors for Democrats ever actually materialized.

Moreover, the claim that the compromise allowed Southern Democrats to act without fear of reprisal ignores the reality that Democrats had already been doing so for some time, and also implies Northern Republicans gave up on Reconstruction after 1877, which is also untrue.

While it is true there were likely some sort of conversations between Democrats and Republicans about Democrats conceding the election to Hayes, the specifics of this supposed compromise have been disproven now for nearly 40 years.  Moreover the key actors in ending the filibuster that allowed the votes to be counted and granted Hayes the presidency were not Southern Democrats, but were actually Northern Democrats in Congress, which turns the entire premise of the compromise upside down.

Not a criticism but more a request. I didn’t see much or any mention of the lend-lease program championed by Roosevelt preceding the U.S. entry into the war. This chapter would benefit from a section on it as this was vital to Roosevelt’s attempt to bypass the rest of the country’s isolationist perspectives.

Paragraph 33: sentence 3 — In response, the colony imported eleven company-owned slaves in 1626, the same year that Minuit purchased Manhattan.

It shouldn’t be implied here that they were enslaved Africans. Please specify they were company-owned [Dutch West Indian Company] African slaves in 1826.

Thank you.

First, I love this book. Thank you for your hard work.

Secondly – your use of the term “filibustering” here is a real puzzler. I cannot find an alternate definition (from the legislative use) to fit the way you use it in this paragraph. Please elaborate!

The term “flat” money supply is used in the third sentence of this paragraph. The term “flat” money is incorrect; should be “fiat” money.

Is interesting to me the way certain things are worded such as “black Americans and their radical allies” this truly frames the picture for the period of reconstruction and the Jim Crow era.

Lincoln’s assassination seems impending just as the conflict that will take place at the end of the Civil War. In paragraph 7th the strategy of issuing a proclamation allowing southerners to take an Oath of allegiance to the Union when they knew how small a percentage the sympathizers were, leaves an unstable foundation to reconstruct without major compromising.

Interesting visual representation of the reconstruction period before it happened. Hierarchies are clearly represented here, while the main conflict is around slavery and the integration of the confederate states, African Americans are almost non-existent in the picture.

These policies of land reinstitution were in effect in all confederate states?

Economic interests are what drove slavery to what it was during the pre-Civil War era. So I see a disconnect between the economic interests of white Americans at the time, social and cultural fabric, and racial justice.

How emancipated Black Americans develop such a strong Christian dogma? I am curious since I am not sure how religion was taught before the reconstruction era and to my understanding, Christianity especially at the time derives from a white European tradition and aesthetic.

Reding this is striking since it explains why some Southerners still fly confederate flags and minimize the horrors of slavery.

To much to read please shorten.

Agreed! This page needs to take a more neutral stance! The intro paragraph now showing is not up for edits and it needs a lot of them. Just because the writer claims a view does not mean that is the view to be claimed. Give the claims of both sides, and then let the reader do his/her own research to take the side they believe. Don’t pollute this one good source.

I noticed a small error in the American Yawp version of Gibson Clough’s War Journal.
Here is a short quote from the current Yawp version of Gibson Clough’s War Journal:
“Here begins the New Year 1700”
The actual version on the Essex Institute Historical Collections in the Internet Archive cited below the online version on this cite reads:
“Here begins the New Year 1760”

The Ku Klux Klan is still an active terrorist organisation in America that did not dissolve after any of the periods listed here. Even if this paragraph doesn’t explicitly state otherwise, I think it’s important to be clear that groups like the KKK are not relics of the past.

paragraph 46 reads basically Indians where not going down without a fight the,n and even now shows that they have high morals, and that there past on ancestors are showing them the way they have tie knots to show that they are one

I think you meant “beat Reagan” not “best.”

britain isnt real :/

The Glorious Revolution was not a peaceful coup d’etat. It gave rise to intense warfare in Ireland, part of the imperial metropole, between James II and William III of Orange. Can this be amended?

It would be useful to know how many soldiers were part of the U.S military during this time, to better understand exactly how “lacking” it was in comparison to the Japanese military.

Just reading the intro shows how much the Americans know that world and they basically know exactly how their World is . The Europeans had a completely different World they came from so thats why they came up with the new world name. This text is definitely already intriguing … now lets see how the World starts to change .

They had to start somewhere , just like if you were to go to a new place now, it will be a “new world” but then once you learn what they’ve learned and do what they do then it becomes something just like you adapt to their world.

This showed how society had to learn how to adapt to certain things. Even though agriculture wasn’t good for peoples health, it still helped so much and brought benefits for more of the people and thats what mattered during this time. It was about the labor and opportunities it gave them.

There is a display error in the last sentence that makes the text smaller than the rest, starting at “home protection.”

I would say the title gives a great distinctive meaning. The New World as for a new beginning as where it stated that humans have lived tens and thousands of years and has become very diverse. Its pretty interesting to know that every single human being has a trait that makes them unique whether its the different culture, language and spiritual values.

The variety of languages culturally speaking depending on where most cultures migrate to help them learn the languages they might actually need to learn to help better understand one another.

[ Leave a comment on paragraph 6 4 Archaeologists and anthropologists, meanwhile, focus on migration histories. ]

Studying artifacts was probably the most interesting job to have. There have been many items that were preserved for many years to show for in today’s time.

Illustrations make it easier to actually see how prehistorically times were. It looks like a village being created and not having much and materials being used to build housing. 1000 ce probably was a time that having important land to create housing and farming was important. Being near the Mississippi River was easy for them.

I would have to agree. I guess in this situation with not very many materials they had to use what was provided for them. I just couldn’t imagine having anything touch my body with a porcupine quill. Ouch.

[The peoples of this region depended on salmon for survival and valued it accordingly.]

Very interesting fact. Salmon was actually a source of survival for the Pacific Northwest region. To know they also decorated the fish and treated it as a spiritual respect is odd, but neat.

[ Spain used its new riches to gain an advantage over other European nations, but this advantage was soon contested.]

I think they thought this was a good idea up until it actually was not.

I would have to agree with you. This is something I feel has stuck with me because Spain was so powerful over others.

This is absolutely disturbing to know that they slaughtered half their population including the children.

I would have to agree with you, it’s like free game.

So the French would make profits off different trades? Or make the Huron people really convert to Christianity?

I feel as though the Dutch could have gone further , but it’s like they were almost comfortable where they stood because they had enough power so why even continue it states them being the most “advanced capitalist” in the modern world.

[The colony’s first African marriage occurred in 1641, and by 1650 there were at least five hundred African slaves in the colony.]

This is quite interesting to know. To know that exactly five hundred African American slaves were brought into the colony in little over 9 years shows how drastically things changed or developed.

In what way exactly was this helpful for them? Were they able to gain more wealth than others?

I bet this really made them a great profit. This is how wealth is pretty much formed back then.

I would have to agree with you on this statement. It’s history so of course the terms didn’t make much sense.

If this were the proper term, why even have them? If they were good for nothing obviously they were good for something.

[I can’t think there is any intrinsic value in one color more than another, nor that white is better than black, only we think it so because we are so.” ]

One of the best quotes I have come across. No matter the color whether black or white one is not better than the other. We are all equal in each others eyes.

The government was once controlled by King? If so how was that able to work when we have different forms of government to successfully succeed.

I did some research on your response it seems like the Quinnipiac river is located entirely in Connecticut BUT it’s about 153 miles from the Connecticut river. So about 2 hours in travel time.

Being able to pay for their own land and gain as much for each family member I’m sure gave them minority to create a family farm and access to gain and grow crops to sell and make profits.

Slave ships were the main course of transportation for African Americans. They were chained like stated and often very crowded due to the amount of slaves they have had aboard.

This plan was created as a separation of land. It was like a peace offering for colonies that William Penn created.

I remember learning about this in high school. I believe it was a time where settlers were trying to get rid of Native Americans in Virginia. It lasted about a year. I do not know why a pig would have been something to argue over, but I guess it made sense to them.

I’m confused so are we also correcting grammar in the text? I see other responses regarding “welsh” and how its placed.

Being able to produce their own goods probably made it easier for them to survive.

[Britain relied on the colonies as a source of raw materials, such as lumber and tobacco. Americans engaged with new forms of trade and financing that increased their ability to buy British-made goods. But the ways in which colonists paid for these goods varied sharply from those in Britain]

So having these goods the colonist had to pay based on trading other goods? Is this how financing started?

The slave trade which took affect as The Act Prohibiting the Act of slaves was legal and took place as cargo ships were being shipped across to give permission to seize any ships and confiscate cargo.

[ Leave a comment on paragraph 15 1 Beginning with the Sugar Act in 1764, and continuing with the Stamp Act and the Townshend Acts, Parliament levied taxes on sugar, paper, lead, glass, and tea, all products that contributed to colonists’ sense of gentility. In response, patriots organized nonimportation agreements and reverted to domestic products.]

The Sugar Act of 1764 was commonly disliked by colonist when they raised taxes on this because it helped make rum which they favored which was a trade export in their country. I would consider this fair because I mean when you have a popular item its all about supply and demand. You must raise prices to keep stock.

Very interesting catch.

Oh wow this is something I did not know. I wasn’t born in Georgia, but have grew up in Georgia and feel like I have learned about Georgia history and this is something I probably overlooked to know if it was taught to me.

Even back then a woman did not have control over her own body. The rituals of having to marry young and be a housewife is mind-blowing that at a point in time women had to be okay with this. I’m glad eventually more and more women were able to assert control.

This was a major war known as French and Indian war. I believe it ended as the Treaty of Paris. To know this was a costly war that eventually lead to trading to keep up.

“Age of Revolution” the time era where a mixture of social, cultural and economic occurred in Europe and some parts of America.

Britons? Are we talking about Britain’s or was there some form of different spelling?

The Royal Proclamation of 1763 was a document that was issued by King George III to claim British territory after they had won the seven years war. This was considered valuable land .

I believe your right they came about the 19th century.

Very thankful for these holidays and a time where most can spend it off work and with family.

[In 1786 and 1787, a few years after the Revolution ended, thousands of farmers in western Massachusetts were struggling under a heavy burden of debt.]

Shays Rebellion was the cause of all farmers debt crisis. This gave an opportunity to collect taxes and trades on individuals. Farmers of course were not happy of this.

So each state had to pay back debt? I wonder how much debt each state initially were in.

[The Virginia Plan, therefore, proposed that the United States should have a strong federal government. It was to have three branches—legislative, executive, and judicial—with power to act on any issues of national concern.]

I feel like U.S needed a strong federal government because this could help the national government regulate fair trades through the nation.

Women did not have rights to vote or have a say because they weren’t considered citizens. This would be a very hard time for me to live because I am indeed a women and I’m a human whose living just like any male. This was intentional and unfair, but I guess back then you really did not have a choice.

[ Leave a comment on paragraph 92 0 By 1800, therefore, President Adams had lost the confidence of many Americans]

Having to be disappointed in Americans shouldn’t really be their fault. Didn’t John Adams have many health problems as well..

I believe there were many conspiracies’ to the illuminiti scare that no one really knew what was true and what was not. This lead to fake stories being told nor having to trust others.

I’m glad they were able to actually consider freeing people of color. The punishment seems cruel and unfair. I wonder what exactly made them want to limit these restrictions after so long.

Why did it fail in Haiti? Exactly what could have been a different outcome for this?

I never knew Haiti was so inspirational to African Americans. I think of Haiti as a poor country that literally had nothing so to learn that they were inspiring makes me feel happy that blacks had someone to look up to.

[“Bobalition”]

a term that defines as a term whites heard as a mispronunciation by African Americans.

So how did they go about this overtime? If he was originally black then was he white to them or did they have any limitations for him? The changing of the color of the skin reminds me of what Michael Jackson had happen to him. So even back then this was something that occurred during the time.

That is exactly it. The medical condition that I’m sure has occurred.

Women being able to teach their children the true value of independence was very important. I think it would be good for every mother to teach their child the importance of growing up and learning survival skills.

[Impressments, the practice of forcing American sailors to join the British Navy, was among the most important sources of conflict between the two nations.]

Many Americans were fond of the British army. If many Americans joined then why was it so hard to release them? What was so hard about the Royal Navy?

That is a huge drop in numbers. In just a matter of a year Jefferson putting many people into the deep depression must have really had a major impact. How did they overcome the depression? What was some ways or what was affected during the depression?

I read where it said in 1812 that US went into war with Great Britain for the first time…Is this correct? Or was the declaration itself just signed and they officially declared war.

Roads being built was the best decision ever created. This probably created many opportunities for Americans. How long did it take before they were to start and be done with this project?

Good Morning,

The inclusion of the phrase “salutary neglect” in this paragraph or in paragraph #9 of the same chapter referencing British colonial policy would be helpful. The phrase can help students name the colonial policy more succinctly and provides a utilitarian short form for them to use in writing/referring to the time period.

Thank you all–the Yawp is everything good about academics!

Garrett

Hello,

I only noticed the S in people(s), (l.8) that should maybe be removed

I have just begun reading this, and it is very well done, thank you.

I think another important component of the women’s suffrage movement, that should be highlighted in the American YAWP, was the American Equal Rights Association. Founded as a fusion between the abolitionist movement and the women’s suffrage movement, it combined the ideologies of both to create a newfound purpose – enfranchising not only African Americans but women as well. Led by advocates such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B Anthony, and Frederick Douglass, it shifted the purpose of reform to include women in all the same rights that men had.

Black Codes should be capitalized in last sentence.

Why frame this whole chapter from the perspective of white Southerners? Wouldn’t it be better to start from the perspective of a freed slave?

Misspelling, 2nd to last sentence: should be “inflamed” not “enflamed”

maybe please don go

Most of the discussions that I have had with other instructors and professors regarding the American Yawp have generated very favorable reviews of the text.  One consistent critique, however, is the lack of maps to help with understanding the geographic connections, historical context, and the visualization of historical data and information across the entirety of the text.  I tend to agree and geographic/historical map additions to each of the chapters would be extremely helpful.

The term enslaved laborer could be confused with indentured servant. An indentured servant is not the same as a slave.

Most sex workers have been trafficked and coerced. It is illegal in most states. There are several organizations that work to help men and women (and children) to escape this industry.

[and the South was right in the middle.]

On the text book version it say, “and slavery was right in the middle.” This creates confusion. Did you mean “slavery” or “the South?”

Please fix this typo.

textbook* and says*

Is there a way this could be worded so that it does not exclude women as social advocates and does not stereotype all men as being sexist?

Beginning this sentence with “As men,” implies that if you are male, you do not care about the welfare and rights of women. It also implies that all men ignored the plights of women, and that all social advocates were male.

[bridged more than ten thousand years of geographic separation, inaugurated centuries of violence, unleashed the greatest biological terror the world had ever seen] This particular section I feel was so well put together that it almost gave me chills due to the fact that it genuinely did unleash the greatest biological terror on these poor unsuspecting people. I have no negative points on its contents with this section.

Revolutionary- A drastic change. In this context a change that is rather sad an unfortunate because it did permanent damage on the natives in every horrible way.
Self-Sufficient economies- This is when an economy such as the natives had was fine standing alone without foreign interference. another aspect of this is being able to last years and years off of everything from their selves and the land they had.
The New World- This is how the native’s land was seen as by the settlers who came across the Atlantic. The problem is the natives did not see it this way. This was especially true as time went on.
Geographic Separation-This goes hand and hand with self-sufficient economies because they were isolated from the rest of the world. Also, because it implies the rest of the world is not needed for them to thrive even with the separation.
Biological Terror- This particular one is especially sad because the natives had no idea, they brought such ravenous diseases that ended up wiping out 90-95% of all the natives there. I think biological terror was very fitting because I feel the average person would never want to even imagine the misery and loss these poor natives endured. The spread of disease really was the nail in the coffin for everything that preceded it.

The Spanish phrase “Sistema de Castas” is used two paragraphs above, but, in this paragraph (64), it says “Sistema de Casas.” There is a letter “T” in one (castas/casas) and not the other. I assume this is a mistake.

Awkward first sentence.  Tecumseh convinced people from the Northwest and Northeast probably.

George Catlin’s surname is spelled wrong in the second sentence (Catlin instead of Caitlin).

This sentence is confusing and hard to read. The quotations make it difficult to decipher how the beginning and end of the sentence connect. A simple fix would be to remove the “as” in the phrase “as U.S. officials…” and insert a when at the beginning of the phrase “fighting erupted in Korea.”

Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints do not believe Americans to be exceptional. We are all children of God, and none are better than others, so Americans were not chosen specifically to spread the Gospel.

The term “Mormon” is incorrect. We worship God, not Mormon, so we shouldn’t be called that. We can be referred to as the LDS church, or as Latter-Day Saints.

I believe the word “after” should be added to the sentence about Willie Horton (after being released).

Unnecessary “the” before “even the Welsh”

Remove the final quotation mark.

I just can’t believe the union destroyed literally everything they went through on their journey down south

I can understand how many could be mad at Lincoln’s new plan

This must have been incredibly hard for African Americans just gaining freedom and having the man who will help you go further dies, yikes.

African Americans were probably very scared having a southerner come in to power right after Lincoln.

Please add John Brown’s first name and some short description of him to the caption beneath the painting of him.

“In 2014, Latinos surpassed non-Latino whites to became the largest ethnic group in California”

Should be changed to become.

“best” can be used as a verb meaning “beat” and is appropriate here.

“Nuclear” is misspelled. In addition, the sentence might be better structured by writing as follows: “J. Robert Oppenheimer, director of the Los Alamos nuclear laboratory…

“For instance” used twice in close proximity. Consider revision.

Perhaps: “In spite of their christian motivations, some Missionaries worked alongside business interests. American missionaries in Hawai’i, for example, obtained large tracts of land on which they started lucrative sugar plantations.”

Every time Federalist is mentioned, it should be replaced with Democrats, or Liberals. They’re basically the same.

“stole” on sentence 4 should be stolen

Japanese troops surrender on June 3, 1943.

Slaves had become more valuable and expensive.

They didn’t have modern medicine. Although they flourished in other components such as being able to have a food supply that may not run out. They may have encountered certain virus’ that led them to getting sick. Since this was way back they didn’t have the medicine we now have today to protect them from these virus’.

[the United States expanded on a long history of exploration, trade, and cultural exchange to practice something that looked remarkably like empire. ]

There should be more Black women mentioned in this paragraph. Women like Maria Stewart and Mary Ann Shadd Cary were Black women who advocated for both womens’ rights and Black rights. Maria Stewart was the first woman to give a public lecture to both men and women, and she advocated for tying the two causes together in order to make more progress. Mary Ann Shadd Cary was an abolitionist who published an antislavery newspaper and was one of the first Black women to become a lawyer, with a degree from Harvard Law.

“Increasingly, for example, abolitionists aided runaway slaves established international antislavery networks to pressure the United States to abolish slavery.”

Should be an “and” in between slaves and established? Or somehow indicate they’re two different things.

Robert F. Kennedy was killed in June of 1968, not Robert F. Kennedy, his son.

Not Robert F. Kennedy, Jr* typo.

This here says that Lodge’s opponents managed to block entry into the League of Nations. How can this be so if Lodge himself was an opponent?

Hi, I’m a student, and I noticed an error. The G.I. Bill was not “the brainchild of William Atherton.” There seem to be two mix-ups here. The bill was the brainchild of Henry Colmery, the former head of the American Legion. Atherton was the current head of the Legion, but it was the former head who actually drafted the legislation. Atherton just advocated for it. That’s mix-up one. Mix-up two was that Mr. Atherton’s first name was Warren. William Atherton is an actor, best known for playing that guy in Ghostbusters about which Bill Murray says “that man has no dick.”

I totally see how this mix-up happened, and I find it hilarious. But please get this fixed so people don’t get confused. The ghostbusters guy had nothing to do with the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944.

Source: https://www.neh.gov/humanities/2014/julyaugust/feature/how-the-gi-bill-became-law-in-spite-some-veterans-groups

The characterization of Douglas as pro-slavery is misleading and confusing. While Douglas’ personal position on the slavery question remains up for debate (see Graham Peck’s Making an Antislavery Nation and Adam I.P. Smith’s The Stormy Present for contrasting perspectives) the fact that mattered at Charleston in 1860 was that he had taken a moderately anti-slavery stand over Lecompton– thus alienating Southern Democrats. The Douglas Democrats failed to adopt an explicitly pro-slavery platform at Charleston and stuck to popular sovereignty (with all of its ambiguity). For clarity in this paragraph, I would simply label Douglas as “a champion of popular sovereignty” rather than “a pro-slavery moderate.”

it is correct grammar

African-American women’s role in the suffrage movement isn’t sufficiently represented in this section. Maria Stewart, an integral figure in the movement, was one of the first advocates for the unification of the abolitionist and suffrage movements, as they had similar goals. Others, such as Mary Ann Shadd Cary, worked by spreading both suffrage and abolitionist ideas through newspapers, and eventually, public education after the Civil War. These activists have been overshadowed by white women due to the 1869 split in the AERA (American Equal Rights Association) between the leaders in the women’s rights movement and the abolitionist movement after the 15th amendment was ratified.

Amongus

Although Sojourner Truth is mentioned, this paragraph is disproportionately centered around the white women of the suffrage movement. The history of women’s suffrage is incomplete without the mention of the women of color who helped shape it. To round out this paragraph, mention a few more women of color such as Frances Ellen Watkins Harper who was one of the first and few African American women at conferences about women’s suffrage from 1854-1890. She’s also a poet who’s work focused on slavery, gender, and racial discrimination and helped popularize African American protest poetry.

[ Many ortherners opposed it on moral grounds. ]

Missing an “n”

 Many Northerners opposed it on moral grounds. 

Nuclear is misspelled. This was first noted on December 4, 2018 and still has not been corrected?

Spellling error. In 2nd part of sentence, ‘ Rose Cohen was born in Russia in 1880 as Rahel Golub. She immigrated to the United States in 1892 and lived in a Russian Jewish neighborhood in New York’s Lower East Side. Her, she writes about her encounter with the world outside of her ethnic neighborhood.’. It should be ‘Here’ not ‘Her’

I’m pretty sure that Guandong is spelt Guangdong, as per the spelling everywhere else.

What’s the point of capitalizing black, but not white?

“Indenuous” is written instead of “Indigenous.”

The capitalization of white and black is not consistent at the end of the paragraph.

“became a chief point of contention between the Pennsylvanian government and the Delaware during the upcoming Seven Years’ War.”

This sounds awkward. I would suggest changing it to:

“became a chief point of contention between the Pennsylvanian and Delawarean governments during the upcoming Seven Years’ War.”

Or perhaps:

“became a chief point of contention between the Pennsylvanian government and the Delawarean government during the upcoming Seven Years’ War.”

Why would they topple a statue when it’s stated in the succeeding sentence that “there was no moment at which colonists felt more proud to be members of the free British Empire than 1766.”

They were happy that the Stamp Act was repealed–why would they be more angry at Britain?

“At home, Japan was driven…” not riven. Grammatical error.

I love your site. I stumble upon it while researching marriage of women in the Americas as compared to Europe 500 years ago. It would be nice if you can define what Yawp means on the first page as people from all over the world is reading your manuscripts.

Which period? Perhaps provide a date or timespan, as that would help give context

I think the term “lame duck” was used with context to the rest of the paragraph, since the congress blocking his administrative power made it difficult to make meaningful change well before a time which that change would rationally end

The font changes sizes like 3 times throughout the page.

Some of the paragraphs the text size is smaller then others for not apparent reason.

I don’t know if there is way to fix that but, if possible please try.

The Native people have similar what they believed happened and told their stories of what had happened and what they saw.  On the other hand, archaeologists and anthropologists focus on what they find. It’s hard to see both ways because of the amount of material that would have to be discovered and from the right period of time to put a story together.

It’s interesting to see how different cultures survived on what they had. Knowing they can survive following a food source, but what happens with diseases and different tribes. These tribes all shared similar traits and knew what to do to survive.

Native Americans still resisted through the hardest of times. They fought back and continued to fight against the colonist and against diseases. They knew and loved the land and knowing they would lose what they had, they still decided to fight for what they had.

All the Natives to the land they were living on all had to adapt to where they were. Building homes across mountains would have had to been tough. They learned and adapted to how they could survive. The diseases that came with the colonist took away what people could have learned from the Natives and the ways to survive.

The colonist coming to the new land knew they had found something that they wanted to “take”. They didn’t have to take over everything. They seemed to be greedy and wanted more and more. They destroyed the homes of millions of people.

Having the relationships with the Native Americans made trade easier for the French. By marriage it also would have been easier to deal with trade between the French and the Native Americans.

By having a small colony in 1641 and only having 11 slaves shows the changes/expansion being placed from 1641-1650. In 1650 they at least 500 slaves in the colony.

Interesting to think that they had all these slaves and still brought more slaves into the colonies as they knew they would have resistance. I feel that any cultures were mixed together bringing in new people which would blend many cultures together and share ideas about a resistance.

Interesting to think that one item can save the state from ruin. Tobacco made the state flourish with new opportunities because of the trade for tobacco.

Trading goods is the key foundation in a new colony surviving. Having goods that people wants brings in new settlers and gives you money/resources you need to be successful. Tobacco is an example of this.

Having 24,000 and 51000 Native Americans were forced into slavery, I would have thought that more rebellions would have happened.

Thinking how big a ship would have been and how many people were estimated to come across the Atlantic Ocean makes people realize how many people were involved in slavery for that many people to be in slavery.

Wars were being fought often between certain colonies and or groups. I didn’t know that people were able to switch sides. Would think that would cause more problems.

After twelve years you would have settled another place already. What was the importance of going back after twelve years, especially being weaker.

After 12 years you would have settled another place already. What was the importance of going back after 12 years, especially being weaker.

Even if the lands were being bought from the Natives, they were still getting paid almost nothing. They had everything taken away from them.

The colonist did not like the taxes on sugar that was presented before them. These taxes were on products that were popular so the government was able to get money back from being in debt.

American societies were less strict than that of Europe. They are less developed still finding new ways and are experiencing a newer life style than they would have felt. This would show that the government is not yet to an established point.

This war lasting for seven years would have costed money and time. This also went forth to be a big name in history as the British colonists had a young leader named George Washington.

The Natives killed people not even in war? Disease was a crucial key part in history that ended up weakening and killing most of the Native Americans.

The war had an effect on the laws of people after the fighting? This was also an expensive war and with expense comes more and more taxes.

Frances Ellen Watkins Harper is a great example of a black woman that could be used to display female education and it involvement in the women’s rights movement.

Daisy Elizabeth Adams Lampkin dedicated her life to supporting women’s and civil rights. She would be a great addition to this text because of her experiences as a black woman and her fight for her own rights and the rights of other black women. 

[National American Suffrage Association]

It’s the National American Woman Suffrage Association.

[white men regardless of status would gain not only land and jobs but also the right to vote,]

“Regardless of status” should have commas around it, as it is an appositive.

Name mispelled, Bernard should be Bernhard

[ Jean Calvin]

John Calvin*

The initial vestiges of industrialization appeared in the United States in 1790, when Samuel Slater opened a British-style textile factory in Rhode Island.

While most historical accounts place the start of the full-scale American industrial revolution at either 1820 or 1870, factory labor and entrepreneurial innovation, such as the Slater Mill, were the driving forces of industrialization.

[and and]

Redundant and

Unnecessary “the” before “even the Welsh”

I believe two African American women should be included in this chapter, as they played integral roles in furthering the women’s movement. The first is Mariah Stewart, who should be included because of her efforts to pave the way in advocating for women’s rights. Fifteen years before the Seneca Falls, Stewart was the first woman to address a group of men in a formal public lesson (Boston, 1832 at an abolitionist convention). She capitalized on her audiences’ sympathy for victims of injustice and influenced them to broaden their activism to that of women and their rights. Another African American woman who should be included is Daisy Elizabeth Adams Lampkin, an organizer who hosted local suffragette meetings in the Pittsburgh area. She also organized black women to engage in consumer groups and became the president of the Lucy Stone Woman Suffrage League.

should be: “Lodge’s supporters” not “Lodge’s opponents”

[on other hand]

In paragraph 42, “the” is missing from the above phrase.

Because of the existence of the British East India company, the text should mention that the Dutch East India company is separate to avoid confusion

[Fears of racial mixing led the Dutch to import enslaved women, enabling the formation of African Dutch families.]

ah yes the dutch fear racial mixing, so they bring in enslaved women, which enable racial mixing

it all makes sense now

This was completely the fault of the new colonizers because they brought unknown diseases to a group of people who couldn’t fight it.

I agree

That is actually insane that someone could do that to people.

I think it is insane and disgusting that people could commit such acts against each other. This was acceptable in that time and some people even encouraged it.

Why did onate even do this to the people? Was there a real reason?

I think this is probably the primary reason Spain grew so large in this time. I mean when your greatest competitors are too busy fighting themselves your free to win alone.

The thesis that “maybe” some Aztecs believed Cortés to be the god Quetzalcoatl is a little more complex than presented here. A central issue is that the translation of the Nahuatl term “teotl” as “god” as opposed to “spiritual being” (refer to Camilla Townsend’s work). The notion that the Aztecs regarded Cortés or the Spaniards as “gods” is not in first-hand accounts but later narratives. It is perhaps more apt to note that the Aztec and other Mesoamericans had a religious system that believed the world consisted of cycles of destruction and rebirth. The sudden, violent arrival of Spanish conquerors took place in this context. As for the  Spaniards’ “persuasion” of the Aztecs, two main factors there were strategic displays of violence (Cholula Massacre) and an alliance with Tlaxcala, a major rival of the Aztec Triple Alliance. In a sense, the Spanish invasion became a “Mesoamerican Civil War,” in which Spanish forces took sides with the Aztecs’ many rivals.

Camilla Townsend, Burying the White Gods: New Perspectives on the Conquest of Mexico, The American Historical Review, Volume 108, Issue 3, June 2003, Pages 659–687, https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/108.3.659

The Spanish did try to control access and information as best they could, but that was a tough thing to keep secret! One key is that Spain’s Hapsburg kings also ruled much of what is now the Netherlands, Belgium, and adjacent areas of Germany. When the Protestant Reformation spread to the Spanish Netherlands, Dutch printers such as Theodore de Bry translated, illustrated, and printed Spanish accounts of the conquest in order to inform their anti-Catholic propaganda.

Maybe a quick note that Spain had a vast European empire, and fought for decades to defend its interests against the rise of Protestant powers informed these processes could go here. (The Spanish rivalry is noted).

The “Pierce administration” does not seem to be introduced here. A short discussion of how the Democratic Party nominees of the era (Cass, Pierce, and Buchanan) were largely northerners who accommodated pro-slavery interests might be good here.

This has nothing to do with the content of the text. It would just be really helpful if there were page numbers that correspond with the physical copies of this text.

The published version capitalizes “black” in the “Republican officials opened… on a segregated basis.” which is grammatically incorrect given “black” is not a first or last name.

  The last two sentences are misleading. Black household income increased 84% from 1980 to 1990. White household income increased 68%. That’s a greater increase for African Americans; however, your second sentence makes it seem like the disparity increased rather than decreased. 

What does this paragraph have to do with the capitalization of terms describing nationality? Also, the gender-neutral term for “Latino/Latina” is “Latino,” not “Latinx.”

I unfortunately do not have the time to expand upon this section, but I feel that the entirety of “The Crisis of 1968” is too abbreviated.  There should be some mention of the USS Pueblo, a reference to the Tet Offensive here, expanded information of the relationship and importance of RFK, the Olympics, and Apollo 8.

I hope someone will see this comment and consider working on this suggestion.

What do you mean by this?

MALDF is actually MALDEF.  See:  Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund – Wikipedia

You should also mention MECHA.  See:  MEChA – Wikipedia

Upon further reflection, I would like to withdraw my recommendation to include a mention of MECHA.  I read the Wikipedia article that I provided about the organization.  It is a bit more controversial than I originally thought.  I heard about the group from friends of mine in college.  I didn’t know the full story until I read the article.

Instead, I recommend including a reference to the Chicano Moratorium.  See:  Chicano Moratorium – Wikipedia

Rape between two different races is still interracial sex.

What does “elixirs” means here, and do they really attempted to make their own? Is there historical proves?

[These so-called Lincoln governments sprang up in pockets where Union support existed like Louisiana, Tennessee, and Arkansas. Unsurprisingly, these were also the places that were exempted from the liberating effects of the Emancipation Proclamation.]

Emancipation Proclamation was more of a blow to the rebelling states, not to actually abolish slavery. The less rebellious states were rewarded by getting to keep their slaves.

I believe information about Mariah Stewart would be helpful to include here, because it provides a key connection between the women’s rights and abolitionist movements of the time. In 1832, she became the first woman to give a lecture in front of an audience of men and women, where she compared the social problems that both women and slaves faced.

Seeing how biased this chapter is makes me severely question the credibility and honesty of the other chapters. Making the introduction primarily about January 6th and unable to comment on really says something, and using quotes from Donald Trump out of context without including him saying: “remain peaceful. No violence!” shows bias. What makes all of this even worse is that there is nothing in this chapter about the BLM riots that caused at least $1-2 billion in property damage, only calling them “Protests”, “Marches”, and “Demonstrations”. Leaving out the fact of violence in these riots and portraying them as peaceful is complete misinformation. It’s a history textbook, you can’t be subjective!

This paragraph says: “The ladies of Edenton were not alone in their desire to support the war effort by what means they could. ” But here there is not yet war. This is just after the Boston Tea Party and before the Coercive Acts. 

The Quinnipiac River and the Connecticut River are entirely separated by the Metacomet Ridge. They are not part of the same valley.

I was thinking more along the lines of like county commissioners they were over the levee like for water, to help prevent the over flow.

You should mention Jimmy Carter started aiding the Mujahideen during Operation Cyclone.

Using the term “enslaved laborers” is fine if referring to male and female chattel slaves performing manual labor in agricultural or industrial settings. There were enslaved craftsmen, enslaved cooks, enslaved caregivers, etc. Giving agency to these folks does not alter history but rather more accurately depicts it. Real people, real places, real events.

i believe you mean capitol, not capital.

Europeans CAN rediscover that knowledge if it was known previously but was lost. That’s the whole point of the word “rediscover”. Europeans can also learn and adapt from others (Greeks, Romans, Muslims). Human beings adopt superior ideas and knowledge, that is a universal trait for all cultures and societies. It is unfair to attribute bad intent upon one massive group for no other reason then irrational dislike for them.

The book should make a distinction between Columbus and the conquistadors and colonists that came after him. Columbus never killed any natives and had constantly warned the men under his command to not enact violence on them. Bartolomé de Las Casas book was written in 1542 (published in 1552), decades after Columbus died in 1506. de Las Casas admired Columbus, who his father sailed with to the New World on Columbus’s second voyage (1493). It is unfair to place Columbus in a disparaging and inaccurate light and connect him to the cruelty others had wrought on the natives. A helpful source on Christopher Columbus comes from Carol Delaney, Professor of Anthropology who wrote a book on Columbus called: Columbus and the Quest for Jerusalem (2011).

Hello,

I respectfully suggest that your characterization of the work of the PCSW, which was the brainchild of progressive Democrat Esther Peterson, not Eleanor Roosevelt–who was appointed its head because of her work on the UN Declaration of Human Rights and the UN CSW, as designed to “ameliorate the types of discrimination primarily experienced by middle class and elite white working women” is inaccurate and more reflective of the ideas and goals of  the minority feminist group at the time–known as “equal rights feminists” whose most well-known organization was the National Woman’s Party.  Most of those tapped to serve on the PCSW were progressive labor feminists and civic activists concerned with helping ordinary American working women and had long track records of support for the labor movement and Black civil rights. Prominent among them for example were historian, civic activist, and Howard University professor Caroline Ware,  Pauli Murray of the NAACP, and Dorothy Height of the National Council of Negro Women. The work of Landon Storrs and Dorothy Sue Cobble among others is of note on this front, as is the collection of letters between Ware and Murray by Ann Firor Scott.  Even Flora Davis, cited here, does not claim that the PCSW ignored the concerns of working-class women.  I’d be happy to work on a rewrite of this paragraph to remedy this mischaracterization if my efforts would be welcome.

I’m considering adopting this resource in place of the traditional textbook I’ve been using but this paragraph gives me pause. Mostly I very much like what I’m seeing so far.

Jennifer Tomas

Associate Professor of History

Piedmont Virginia Community College

Should be Native American, not Indian.

This suggestion will likely just seem excessively nit-picky. In regards to the “[n]o America city, in fact, would match Cahokia’s peak population levels…” statement. Although it is somewhat implicitly stated in previous statement”north of modern-day Mexico,” the use of America in the aforementioned sentence only to refer to present day USA and Canada could cause a little confusion. As the writers of this resource I’ve had the pleasure of discovering recently probably already know, the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan had a size on par with that of Constantinople. Such a fact is likely included in many cite-able sources. The one where I had found it would be The Cambridge Economic History of Latin America: Volume 1, The Colonial Era and the Short Nineteenth Century by Coatsworth, Bulmer-Thomas, and Cortes-Conde.

Thank you for the great work you’ve done with this website. I was never very interested in North American history until I had found this resource!

I noticed the word scaring, which should be scarring. There are no references for this sentence, however, so either the text should fix the spelling, or remove the reference to scarring in its entirety.

I have two concerns with this paragraph.

1. The connection between the second and third sentence makes no sense if you don’t explain how the restrictions on Black soldiers were framed. Since you don’t make that clear, there’s no reason for the reader that restricting privileges of Black soldiers would be connected to soldiers being “tempted by European vices.”

2. My students won’t understand the reference to what I assume you mean by “the traditional recreations of soldiers at war.” (Do you mean soldiers forming romantic relationships with local women? Paying local women for sex? Sexually assaulting women? It’s truly unclear.) I recommend a more straightforward (and less retrograde) approach.

It seems that there might be multiple versions of this chapter accidentally and simultaneously published. For example, there are two paragraphs in the “Lived Experience” section that repeat the same idea about women in the workforce. The font size changes throughout the chapter. Finally, the chapter as published doesn’t match up with the chapter as it appears on this feedback page.

Due to its brevity, the point you’re trying to make here about culturally-bound understandings of honorable warfare comes across as essentialist and reductionist. My students will read this to mean “Japanese soldiers committed atrocities because they were Japanese.” I’m quite sure that’s not what you mean to communicate. Please reconsider — I’d really like to keep assigning American Yawp, but this may be a dealbreaker!

I don’t think the immigration laws of 1965 and subsequent changes are addressed at all in this chapter or anywhere else in late 20th century chapters. Please include at least a paragraph!

I realize this may sound like nitpicking but the formatting of multiple AY chapters in the post-1877 section is inconsistent. Font sizes and spacing change over the course of the chapter, this one included. Sometimes it’s obvious that a paragraph has been cut and pasted in because it repeats content from a previous paragraph (in addition to having different formatting). The point is that this visual disruption makes the whole text seem less professional and less trustworthy. I love AY and want to support you in making it as excellent as possible — thanks for your attention!

The text in this chapter is displaying in different font sizes, and it includes in-text citations. The citations in themselves aren’t bad, but are a departure from your convention elsewhere in AY.

That’s a keen observation; I guess they author’s intention is to appeal to the perspective of the European settlers, but being a valued historical textbook, they probably should have opted for a more objective title. I agree…I wonder why they chose that approach.

That is interesting how during that time they were able to determine that bison skulls provided an ingredient important for fertilizer.

“Not soon thereafter, Tecumseh fell…” soon probably be “Soon thereafter…”

I fully agree

I will get right on that.

I find this segment to be a great introduction to the topic, but it overshadows many of the efforts of African American women like Mary Ann Shadd Cary (1823) and Frances Ellen Warkins Harper (1825) whose efforts in abolition and publications were certainly to the benefit of the movement, such as Cary’s newspaper articles or Harper’s protest poetry. Not only this, but these women (many of whom went on to higher education) also played instrumental roles in the founding of deeply influential organizations like the National Association of Colored Women, as well as Nannie Helen Borough’s founding of the National Training School for Women and Girls. Their roles in the juxtaposition of the abolitionist and suffragist movements’ oversight of black women are deeply influential and truly ought to be taken notice of.

In this section you should consider adding Maria Stewart with her involvement as a pro abolitionist speaker, being the first African American woman to give a lecture in front of a multi-racial audience. I would also like you to consider adding Mary Church Terrell as she helped to found the National Associated of Colored Women where she served as their first president.

The opening few paragraphs on January 6, don’t naturally flow into the rest of the chapter.   It stands out and will cause many students to stop reading.  There is a way to incorporate it, but that is not effective.

The final sentence in this paragraph implies that the Stones knew that Hunter had been murdered and that they played on anyway. There’s no need to make the situation worse than it was. They did not know that Hunter had been murdered. Even flipping the clauses would help some: “As the Stones played, Angels stomped Hunter’s body into the ground.”

ur an idiot

Fully agree

jo and mike were here

Ur right

-future Joe

I agree with your statement, however the way schools have their history set up (at least in the united states) They focus on US involvement and how it affects the US. So i believe although important, the mass genocide of the armenian people is not influencial in US history

Bro really is he not him

no

I strongly disagree. The title is cynical is can be used as a talking point in class what “Conquering the West” really meant, themes that the chapter certainly doesn’t valorize.

For example, I title one of my lectures “The Wild West” not because I wax poetic on duels at high noon, but because it provides a jumping off point to describe the mythology of the Wild West and why Americans engaged in myth-making.

It sounds as if Lawrence is commanding his men to surrender, and the sentence must be re-read to be understood.

This is clearer: Yet the Americans did not give up. Lawrence commanded them, “Tell the men…

Did the authors mean to use the United Kingdom in this paragraph?

Washington D.C. needs two periods after the C. One to show that the C is an abbreviation and another to mark the end of the sentence.

On the sentence beginning “he spent the months,” in the online version there is an aside about the Twentieth Amendment. It reads “the twentieth amendments, ratified in 1933, would subsequently the inauguration from March 4 to January 20.” I believe the word move should be after subsequently.

[Native]

NatIive Americans did live many years here  in America before the Europeans came to America. Yes they did migrated from place to place. I do not know whether they wared against each other or not. And they were mistreated by the Europeans.

When the Missouri Compromise was engineered, largely by Clay, he was a member of the House of Representatives and speaker of the House. He was not a senator at the time, though he was a senator before and after his terms as representative and speaker.

At the end of the paragraph.  one thousand National Guard members(?), soldiers(?).  Definitely not units.

While it says, “black Americans” here, it still shows up on the web version I am reading as “lack Americans.”

o sullivan, a man with big balls; and larger breasts was quite fond of scat

I’d be happy to add a few sentences or a short paragraph from my new book, Enemies Among Us, dealing with the relocation, internment, and repatriation of German, Italian, and Japanese Americans during the Second World War– it just came out through the University of Nebraska Press… could you please add the book to the bibliography for the chapter?

Enemies among Us : Nebraska Press (unl.edu)

First picture of the Capitol building, caption read”President Donald Trump Cheered the take over” Where you not listing, he condemned it. You can do better than that.

An interesting read – but fairly “woke” in its approach.

No context to the history of slavery – just something Europeans apparently invented.  Certainly not at all like that practiced by natives.  No mention of Greece, Rome, Egypt, Africa,  India, China and the Muslim world where slavery was practiced for tens of thousands of years…don’t take this as a comment to make slavery ok – just one that intends to point out it is mankinds heritage – not white European men’s yoke to wear alone – that is never going to heal if not spoken of truthfully and in context of our growing understanding of history (and no – not the “1619 nonsense”)

Treated the death of natives neutrally as per disease – no one intended it but it certainly happened – that is a step above how it is often portrayed.

People seem upset by the phrase “new world” in these comments…men (and women of course) have  been on the planet 3-4 million years = modern man half a million.  One group of modern men get to the American continents 10,000 to 20,000 years before another group and this makes them “indigenous” or “native”?  Seems to me that both groups spent the better part of 500,000 years not here except one spent only 480,000 years not here.  In truth – I believe the authors used the phrase New World just right – in circa 20,000 bc it was a new world for the first Americans as they put it,  then in 1492 ad it was a new world for the second group.  I also respected the author’s for including creation stories and beliefs of those calling themselves indigenous.

History is always told by the slant of the authors – intentional or no.  This one seemed better than most.

In chapter one it states:

“But the arrival of Europeans and the resulting global exchange of people, animals, plants, and microbes—what scholars benignly call the Columbian Exchange—bridged more than ten thousand years of geographic separation, inaugurated centuries of violence, unleashed the greatest biological terror the world had ever seen, and revolutionized the history of the world. It began one of the most consequential developments in all of human history and the first chapter in the long American yawp.”

I do not have a problem with most of this statement.  It is true.  90% of the New World’s population was destroyed, the largest demographic destruction in world history.  possibly 95 Million people died which was tragic to be sure.  I take issue with the claim of biological terror (bold is mine).  While there may be instances of using disease to destroy populations in the New World during this time, I have not heard of any accept the fact that the Spaniards unknowingly distributed the smallpox disease to the native populations.

here is the etymology of the word Terrorism:

 
“terrorism (n.)
1795, in specific sense of “government intimidation during the Reign of Terror in France” (March 1793-July 1794), from French terrorisme, noted in English by 1795 as a coinage of the Revolution, from Latin terror “great fear, dread, alarm, panic; object of fear, cause of alarm; terrible news,” from PIE root *tres- “to tremble…”

General sense of “systematic use of terror as a policy” is first recorded in English 1798 (in reference to the Irish Rebellion of that year). At one time, a word for a certain kind of mass-destruction terrorism was dynamitism (1883); and during World War I frightfulness (translating German Schrecklichkeit) was used in Britain for “deliberate policy of terrorizing enemy non-combatants.”  (https://www.etymonline.com/word/terrorismhttps://www.etymonline.com/word/terrorism)

You will notice that the word was first used during the French Revolution in the 1790s, 270 years after Cortez’s subjugation of the Aztec capitol.  Also, it refers to deliberate state policy to use terror on enemy non-combatants.  Spreading disease unknowingly would not be part of that definition.

Another contention I have with the textbook:  “Cortés, the Spaniards, and their Native allies then sacked the city. The temples were plundered and fifteen thousand died. After two years of conflict, a million-person-strong empire was toppled by disease, dissension, and a thousand European conquerors.”

The textbook mentions his allies but why not include that also in the last statement?  Cortez, bullied, cajoled, and persuaded thousands of native allies who allready hated the Axtec empire to follow him in his conquest of the Aztec empire.  The Britannica states:  “Tenochtitlán was situated on an artificial island in the middle of Lake Texcoco. It was connected to the mainland by three large causeways. In May 1521 Cortés and his coalition army reached the outskirts of the Aztec capital and laid siege to the city. His force numbered more than 800 conquistadores and tens of thousands of indigenous warriors. He had portaged his ships from Tlaxcala in segments, and these proved useful because they enabled him to surround the city from the water and through the causeways. He loaded the ships with cannon and mounted several assaults on Tenochtitlán while cutting off the Aztecs’ food and water supply….Over the course of 93 days, the Spanish and their allies mounted assault after assault on the Aztec defenders, gradually wearing them down. Cortés gained the support of neighbouring Aztec subjects who saw the siege as an opportunity to be rid of Aztec reign for good. When they at last broke through the city’s defenses, the Spanish and their indigenous allies were ruthless. They subdued the Aztecs street by street, slaughtering indiscriminately and looting what they could. Houses were burned and temples destroyed. After the sack of Tenochtitlán, Cortés declared the city his on August 13, 1521. Cuauhtémoc tried to escape with some of his loyal advisors and nobles, but they were discovered and captured, and Cuauhtémoc was later hanged.”  (https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Tenochtitlanhttps://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Tenochtitlan)